“…Piezoelectric resonators are used extensively as sensors for a wide variety of measurands [I]- [33], including mass loading [34]- [46], gases [47]- [48], liquids [49]- [69], mass and fluid loadings [70]- [7 11, viscoelastic/polymer coatings [72]- [79], suspensions/colloids [SO]-[S4], functionally gradient (non-homogeneous) materials and layerdstacks [85]- [SS], and textured surfaces [89]- [91]. The ensuing changes are registered as changes in fiequency, phase, and/or impedance level.…”