Research Highlights (4 bullet points) (1) Possible fluid flow paths in the Iheya North Knoll hydrothermal field (2) Widespread permeable volcanic deposits produced by silicic arc volcanism (3) Layered sequence focuses migration of fluids derived from trough-fill sediments (4) Fluid alteration accelerated by interactions with sediments
Particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) is applied to flows around a Savonius turbine. The velocity vector field measured with PTV is utilized to estimate the pressure field around the turbine, as well as to evaluate the torque performance. The main objective of the work is the establishment of the pressure estimation scheme required to discuss the turbine performance. First, the PTV data are interpolated on a regular grid with a fourth-order ellipsoidal differential equation to generate velocity vectors satisfying the third-order spatio-temporal continuity both in time and space. Second, the phase-averaged velocity vector information with respect to the turbine angle is substituted into three different types of pressure-estimating equations, i.e. the Poisson equation, the Navier–Stokes equation and the sub-grid scale model of turbulence. The results obtained based on the Navier–Stokes equation are compared with those based on the Poisson equation, and have shown several merits in employing the Navier–Stokes-based method for the PTV measurement. The method is applied to a rotating turbine with the tip-speed ratio of 0.5 to find the relationship between torque behaviour and flow structure in a phase-averaged sense. We have found that a flow attached to the convex surface of the blades induces low-pressure regions to drive the turbine, namely, the lift force helps the turbine blades to rotate even when the drag force is insufficient. Secondary mechanisms of torque generation are also discussed.
Enteric anisakiasis is a relatively rare disease that is difficult to diagnose preoperatively. We report a case of small bowel obstruction caused by enteric anisakiasis in a 59-year-old Japanese man who presented with abdominal pain a few hours after eating sliced, raw fish. Because of signs of an intestinal obstruction, a laparotomy was performed. Focal thickening and stenosis of the ileocecal region were seen about 100 cm from the end of the ileum and the lesion was excised. We found a moving anisakis thrusting its head into the mucosa of the excised small intestine. Histopathological examination revealed the infiltration of eosinophils in all layers of the intestinal wall and severe edema. Enteric anisakiasis is very rare, and its diagnosis is usually only made after laparotomy. Nevertheless, when signs of acute abdomen develop after the ingestion of raw fish, such as sushi or sashimi, the possibility of enteric anisakiasis should be borne in mind.
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