Analysis of error and time behavior of the IEEE 802.15.4 PHY-layer in an industrial environment

Vedral, Andreas R.; Wollert, Joerg F.

doi:10.1109/wfcs.2006.1704138

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The exact definitions of these channel statistics are state of the scientific knowledge and are extensively presented and used in [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22].…”

Section: Presentation Of Measurement Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In earlier field tests [16], which were made in order to evaluate the performance of IEEE 802.15.4 compliant radio systems, the authors pointed out the problems of not detected data packets at the receiver. This yields to the execution of ARQ mechanisms, which inevitably results in increasing latency.…”

Section: Architecture Of the Diversity Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This data was embedded in the PHYdata packets, transmitted without active FEC or ARQ and recorded receiver-sided. An extensive description of these measurement settings can be obtained from [16].…”

Section: System Configuration and Measurement Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and performance evaluation of an antenna diversity module for industrial communication based on IEEE 802.15.4

Vedral¹,

Kruse

Wollert

2007

2007 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies &Amp; Factory Automation (EFTA 2007)

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In this paper, the influence of antenna diversity techniques adapted to the IEEE 802.15.4 radio technology are evaluated and the corresponding process gains are empirically examined. With the assumption of a WSSUS model and Rayleigh-distributed signal amplitudes, the minimum optimal antenna spacing relating to a 2D-propagation is calculated. A diversity module with three antennas, based on Freescale MC13193 transceivers, was developed by using the calculated antenna spacing. Different algorithms for signal combining were examined and evaluated with this module. The process gain of the particular algorithms was quantified by the corresponding error rate and by examination of the RSSI values. Additionally, the effects of the combining algorithms on the "digital" channel's memory were examined. For this purpose the parameters Complementary Error Distance Distribution F c a (a), Block Error Density Function P (m, n) and Error Correlation Function R ee (ν) were used.

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“…The exact definitions of these channel statistics are state of the scientific knowledge and are extensively presented and used in [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22].…”

Section: Presentation Of Measurement Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Architecture Of the Diversity Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development and performance evaluation of an antenna diversity module for industrial communication based on IEEE 802.15.4

Vedral¹,

Kruse

Wollert

2007

2007 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies &Amp; Factory Automation (EFTA 2007)

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“…In [2], the packet error burst density is observed in a small warehouse, showing that packet loss process is memoryless. However, it is unclear how often data were sent, which is vital in investigating the channel coherence time.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scrutinizing Bit- and Symbol-Errors of IEEE 802.15.4 Communication in Industrial Environments

Barać

Gidlund

Zhang

2014

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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The knowledge of error nature in wireless channels is an essential constituent of efficient communication protocol design. To this end, this paper is the first comprehensive bitand symbol-level analysis of IEEE 802.15.4 transmission errors in industrial environments. The intention with this paper is to extract the error properties relevant for future improvements of wireless communication reliability and coexistence of radio systems in these harsh conditions. An extensive set of bit-error traces was collected in a variety of scenarios and industrial environments, showing that error behavior is highly dependent on the cause of packet corruption. It is shown that errors inflicted by multipath fading and attenuation exhibit different properties than those imposed by IEEE 802.11 interference. The statistical behavior of these two patterns is concurrently investigated in terms of differences in bit-error distribution, error burst length, channel memory length, and the scale of packet corruption. With these conclusions at hand, abiding to the computational constraints of embedded sensors and the statistical properties of bit-errors, a Reed-Solomon (15,k) block code is chosen to investigate the implications of bit-error nature on practical aspects of channel coding and interleaving. This paper is concluded by a number of findings of high practical relevance, concerning the optimal type, depth, and meaningfulness of interleaving.Index Terms-Error patterns, forward error correction (FEC), IEEE 802.15.4, industrial wireless sensor network (WSN), interleaving.

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“…In [5,13], the authors propose modifications to the ARQ protocol and in [1], the author introduce the concept of antenna redundancy that uses multiple antennas for re-transmission. However, the ARQ schemes proposed don't work well at high error rates and Antenna redundancy requires additional hardware in all communicating devices if any-toany communication needs to be implemented.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Adaptive Real-Time MAC Protocols for a Two-Level Heterogeneous Wireless Network

Balasubramanian

Kumar

Manimaran

High Performance Computing – HiPC 2007

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Abstract. Wireless technology is becoming an attractive mode of communication for real-time applications in typical settings such as in an industrial setup because of the tremendous advantages it is capable of offering. However, the high bit error rate characteristics of wireless channel due to conditions like attenuation, noise, fading and interference seriously impact the timeliness and guarantees that need to be provided for realtime traffic. Existing wireless protocols either do not adapt well to the erroneous channel conditions or do not provide real-time guarantees. The goal of our work is to design and evaluate novel real-time MAC (Medium Access Control) protocols for scheduling messages in a 2-level hierarchical wireless industrial network taking into account the time-varying channel condition. Our objective is to minimize the loss rate of messages using the slot exchange protocol[9] that actively combats the erroneous channel conditions and maximize the channel utilization by enabling parallel transmissions in a collision-free manner. Unfortunately, these two goals have inherent conflicts in shared medium wireless networks. We propose a distributed protocol, called the Adaptive protocol that arbitrates between these two design criteria in order to resolve the inherent conflict between them. Through simulation studies, we show that the proposed Adaptive protocol achieves significant improvement in deadline miss ratio compared to the baseline protocols that exploit complete parallelism and full exchange, for a wide range of channel conditions.

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Analysis of error and time behavior of the IEEE 802.15.4 PHY-layer in an industrial environment

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Development and performance evaluation of an antenna diversity module for industrial communication based on IEEE 802.15.4

Development and performance evaluation of an antenna diversity module for industrial communication based on IEEE 802.15.4

Scrutinizing Bit- and Symbol-Errors of IEEE 802.15.4 Communication in Industrial Environments

Channel Adaptive Real-Time MAC Protocols for a Two-Level Heterogeneous Wireless Network

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