Development and performance evaluation of an antenna diversity module for industrial communication based on IEEE 802.15.4

Vedral, Andreas R.; Kruse, T.; Wollert, Joerg F.

doi:10.1109/efta.2007.4416769

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For a diversity configuration with m = 8 uncorrelated channels the theoretical error probability P e = P e,s m is reduced to 10 −8 . In [8] an antenna diversity module with three uncorrelated channels and an RSSI-based Selection Combining is described. In [9] we proposed a flexible diversity platform with four uncorrelated channels using antenna and frequency diversity at the same time.…”

Section: B Diversity Transceiver Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

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RSSI-based indoor positioning using diversity and Inertial Navigation

Fink

Beikirch

Voss

et al. 2010

2010 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation

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A substantial criterion with the use of wireless communication is the missing location information of the mobile participants. The RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator)-based localization technique is an easy and well known method to predict the position of an unknown node in indoor environments whereas additional measures are required for a sufficient accuracy. The distance-pending path loss is affected by strong variations, especially appearing as frequency specific signal dropouts. A diversity concept with redundant data transmission in different frequency bands can reduce the dropout probability. Not only the availability of the communication and the positioning, but also the accuracy of the localization can be increased by the diversity concept. Another improvement can be reached by a sensor fusion of the RSSI-based position data with an Inertial Navigation System. First experimental results with miniaturized transceiver prototypes show that a good performance for precision and availability can also be reached with low infrastructural costs.

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Section: B Diversity Transceiver Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first step of the strapdown mechanization is the computation of the BN's attenuation. Therefore the measured angular rate around the z-axis is integrated over time to get the horizontal orientation according to the angle ψ with (8).…”

Section: A Strapdown Mechanizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

RSSI-based indoor positioning using diversity and Inertial Navigation

Fink

Beikirch

Voss

et al. 2010

2010 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation

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“…represents the seperation of two vertical monopole antennas in wavelengths and � is the Bessel function of first kind and zero order (Zeppernick & Wysocki, 1999). In (Vedral et al, 2007) practical measurements, in order to evaluate digital diversity techniques, were performed, based on a multi-transceiver platform, operating in the 2.45 GHz frequency band. By utilising three receiving antennas at a separation of 4.69 cm a diversity gain of 3.5 dB could be realised in an industrial environment.…”

Section: Performance-enhancing Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Technologies in Factory Automation

Buda¹,

Schuermann²,

Wollert³

2010

Factory Automation

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Wireless technologies are utilised in consumer applications for several years, now. However, the operation of radio based communication systems in automation applications was considered doubtful for a long time. Primarily, the highly fluctuating quality of wireless transmission channels, compared to wired ones, was responsible for this fact. Transmitted electromagnetic waves experience reflexion, scattering, and diffraction, which may cause constructive or destructive interferences of the different signal copies arriving at the receiver. The direct consequences are packet errors and losses, resulting in higher transmission delays. Especially industrial propagation environments, with a lot of metallic surfaces and moving objects, are classified as demanding for wireless transmission. While fluctuations in latency and short losses of connections may be tolerated in consumer applications, exceeding given timelines in automation applications implies intolerable errors. The results are low plant availabilities and decreasing productivity. By means of the development of diverse wireless standards and the adaption of well-suited protocols for industrial applications, the end-users doubts could be reduced dramatically over the last decay. The advantages of wireless solutions are obvious. In harsh environments, mobile and rotating scenarios, or at positions, difficult to access, cable connections and sliding contacts represent a main source of error. In this context the error probability can be decreased and the maintenance intervals increased by the utilisation of wireless technologies. In addition to that, there is a great potential on saving time and money during planning, installation, and commissioning of plant sections. Many domains of the industrial automation already profit from the deployment of wireless solutions. With KNX RF (Konnex, 2006) and ZigBee (ZigBee Standards Organization, 2007) the first standards for building automation have been introduced. Within the scope of the HART 7 specifications (HART Communication Foundation, 2008) the first standard, WirelessHART, for the process automation was released in late 2007. Further standards, especially for the domain of factory automation, are expected to get published in 2010. In order to reduce costs and time during the development of wireless solutions, unlicensed frequency bands are typically used for operation. Moreover an almost worldwide harmonised operation is guaranteed. This tendency is very pronounced for the 2.45 GHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) frequency band. Because of the high availability, transceiver chips of commercial standards are 2 www.intechopen.com Factory Automation 30

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“…Switching diversity was proposed in [8], [9] as a method to overcome the problem with limited transmit power. They introduced a way to choose or combine the best transmission channel from n antennas (n=2), so it can improve the BER performance in the harsh environment.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%