Analysis of BTEX and other substituted benzenes in water using headspace SPME-GC-FID: method validation

Abstract

The analysis of BTEX and other substituted benzenes in water samples using solid phase microextraction (SPME) and quantification by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was validated. The best analytical conditions were obtained using PDMS/DVB/CAR fibre using headspace extraction (HS-SPME) at 50 [degree]C for 20 min without stirring. The linear range for each compound by HS-SPME with GC/FID was defined. The detection limits for these compounds obtained with PDMS/DVB/CAR fibre and GC/FID were: benzene (15 ng L(-1)), toluene (160 ng L(-1)), monochlorobenzene (54 ng L(-1)), ethylbenzene (32 ng L(-1)), m-xylene (56 ng L(-1)), p-xylene (69 ng L(-1)), styrene (35 ng L(-1)), o-xylene (42 ng L(-1)), m-dichlorobenzene (180 ng L(-1)), p-dichlorobenzene (230 ng L(-1)), o-dichlorobenzene (250 ng L(-1)) and trichlorobenzene (260 ng L(-1)). This headspace SPME-GC-FID method was compared with a previously validated method of analysis using closed-loop-stripping analysis (CLSA). The headspace SPME-GC-FID method is suitable for monitoring the production and distribution of potable water and was used, in field trials, for the analysis of samples from main intakes of water (surface or underground) and from the water supply system of a large area (Lisbon and neighbouring municipalities).

Preparation and characterization of porous carbon material-coated solid-phase microextraction metal fibers

“…The limits of detection (LODs) were based on the lowest detectable peak that had signal/noise = 3, and were 0.008-0.047 g L −1 for BTEX. The LOD values of BTEX were close to the data reported by reference [23,35], but were better than those of commercial and home made fibers [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. Table 2 Linear ranges, limits of detection (LODs) and repeatabilities of BTEX with CA-A and phenols with CA-B.…”

Influence of the pore structure and surface chemistry on adsorption of ethylbenzene and xylene isomers by KOH-activated multi-walled carbon nanotubes

“…The blank experiments without the addition of adsorbents were conducted to ensure that the decrease in the concentration was actually due to adsorption of adsorbents, rather than by the adsorption on glass bottle wall or via volatilization. After equilibrium was achieved, EX concentration of the supernatant solutions was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC 2010, Shinmadzu Corporation, Japan) with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) [23].…”

Oxidation of trichloroethylene, toluene, and ethanol vapors by a partially saturated permeable reactive barrier

“…VOC concentrations were determined using a headspace method as employed in previous studies (e.g. Almeida and Boas, 2004;Przyjazny and Kokosa, 2002;Sieg et al, 2008;Snow, 2002). The limits of quantification (LOQ) were calculated by using a signal-to-noise ratio of 10:1 (Kubinec et al, 2005).…”