Analysis of a Gene in Drosophila

Abstract

ing on the "absurdity committed by the statesman who regards the individual as existing solely for the sake of the State" (10). Lenin attacked him in his Materialism and Empirio-Criticism (16). Metaphysicians attacked his philosophy, which denied them their vagaries and which he steadfastly maintained was not a philosophy but merely a convenient point of view. Even the great Max Planck attacked some of his theories (17). Today Mach is vigorously defended and discussed in the Philosophical Review and Physical Review.Of Mach's philosophy, Richard von Mises (2, pp. 81-82) has given a clear interpretation:Mach does not start out to analyze statements, systems of sentences or theories, but rather the world of phenomena itself. His elements are not the simplest sentences, and hence the building stones of theories, but rather-at least according to his way of speaking-the simplest facts, phenomena, and events of which the world in which we live and which we know is composed. The world open to our observation and experience consists of "colors, sounds, warmths, pressures, spaces, times, etc." and their compounds in greater and smaller complexes. All we make statements and assertions about, or formulate questions and answers to, are the relations in which these elements stand to each other. That is Mach's point of view.Ernst Mach died at Haar, near Munich, on the day after his 78th birthday in 1916. He had retired from the University of Vienna in 1901, having suffered a stroke, and had ing on the "absurdity committed by the statesman who regards the individual as existing solely for the sake of the State" (10). Lenin attacked him in his Materialism and Empirio-Criticism (16). Metaphysicians attacked his philosophy, which denied them their vagaries and which he steadfastly maintained was not a philosophy but merely a convenient point of view. Even the great Max Planck attacked some of his theories (17). Today Mach is vigorously defended and discussed in the Philosophical Review and Physical Review.Of Mach's philosophy, Richard von Mises (2, pp. 81-82) has given a clear interpretation:Mach does not start out to analyze statements, systems of sentences or theories, but rather the world of phenomena itself. His elements are not the simplest sentences, and hence the building stones of theories, but rather-at least according to his way of speaking-the simplest facts, phenomena, and events of which the world in which we live and which we know is composed. The world open to our observation and experience consists of "colors, sounds, warmths, pressures, spaces, times, etc." and their compounds in greater and smaller complexes. All we make statements and assertions about, or formulate questions and answers to, are the relations in which these elements stand to each other. That is Mach's point of view.Ernst Mach died at Haar, near Munich, on the day after his 78th birthday in 1916. He had retired from the University of Vienna in 1901, having suffered a stroke, and had spent his remaining years in Munich. The world came to him by mail...

An analysis of the Notch locus in Drosophila melanogaster

“…phenotyplcally w, rst, vt, and N (see Table 1). The Notch expression is similar to that of other recessive lethal N's, Cytologically deficient for salivary bands 3C2-3C6 inclusive (Welshons, 1974).…”

“…The uncertainty in designating particular, sub-light microscopic bands as gene loci is best exemplified by the work of Sorsa, Green, andBeerman (1973) at "white" andWelshons (1974) at "Notch".…”

“…1 ) whose phenotype in heterozygous females is indistinguishable from the wild-type. The results of complementation tests and recombination analyses involving Notch pseudoalleles led Welshons (1965Welshons ( , 1974 to suggest that the locus was comprised of a single cistron which could be assigned to salivary band 3C7 and/or its adjacent interband(s). Although many of the cytogenetic observations are beyond dispute, many equivocal features of the data could lead to alternative interpretations.…”

“…Genetics of left-side deficiencies Welshons (1974) and Welshons and Keppy (1975) inclusive; Welshons (197^) concluded that band 3C7, classi cally thought to be the site of Notch, remained visible and apparently intact in cytological preparations of each chromo some. Such deficiencies, whose second breakpoint lies distal to Notch, have been described as "left-side" deficiencies.…”

“…In genetic tests, Welshons (1974) determined that both ^68fl9 ^66125 ^ere easily separable from two recessive lethal N's, N^° and n£^£^, located in the right-most half of the Notch map (see Figure 1). However, as he extended the tests leftward across the genie map, only one of the two, could be separated from jj66i25 were both tested with but unsuccessfully separated from it.…”