Analysing company-specific components of business risk in selected manufacturing firms in Indian corporate sector

Measuring and Integrating Risk Management into Green Innovation Practices for Green Manufacturing under the Global Value Chain

“…Manage risk and cost-related risk as well as environmental, technical, and market risk [48][49][50] Environmental risk, technology risk, management risk, and market risk [51,52] Technology risk, market risk, transportation capacity, competition risk, and policy risk [53,54] Risk characteristics Technology risk, management risk, and marketing risk [55,56] Technology risk, manufacturing risk, market risk, management risk, and financial risk [57,58] Technology risk, market risk, cooperative risk, financial risk, and institutional risk [59,60] Risk processes Development risk, manufacturing risk, and marketing risk [61,62] Research risk, manufacturing risk, and market service risk [63] Development risk, manufacturing risk, and market risk [64] The classification of the risk management process by the International Standards Association, American Project Management Organization, Australian And New Zealand Standards, and American Sponsor Committee is basically the same, including environmental analysis, risk identification, risk assessment, risk response, and risk internal control [65][66][67][68]. For identifying green innovation risk, the flowchart method, fault tree method, and scenario analysis method are usually used.…”

“…The green innovation risk of the manufacturing industry has the following characteristics [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. (i) Each stage of green innovation in the manufacturing industry faces various risks.…”

“…R&D risks stem from changes in personnel, finance, technology, and green policies in the R&D process [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. Manufacturing risk also involves personnel and financial risk, followed by production risk [55][56][57][58]61,62]. Marketing risk also involves human and financial risk and is affected by markets and low-carbon policies [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62].…”

“…Manufacturing risk also involves personnel and financial risk, followed by production risk [55][56][57][58]61,62]. Marketing risk also involves human and financial risk and is affected by markets and low-carbon policies [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. Similarly, service risks arise from personnel, finance, and after-sales services [48][49][50]64].…”

“…Too many competitors, too strong ability, and unfair competition are the market factors. The intensity of market competition is related to the effect of new green product marketing and determines the nature and size of the marketing risk [60,62]. Many studies have shown that opening up new marketing channels is much more ineffective than using existing marketing channels [58][59][60].…”