Analisis Spasial Tikus Positif Leptospira Patogenik dan Jenis Habitatnya di Provinsi Papua Barat

Abstract

Leptospirosis is a disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira and is still a health problem in the community. Until now, West Papua Province has not reported any cases of leptospirosis. This study aims to examine whether there is a grouping pattern of Leptospira harboring rats and identify the habitat types of positive rat Leptospira. This research was descriptive observational research using a cross-sectional approach. Research locations are in Manokwari, Fakfak, and Raja Ampat districts in West Papua Province. The catching of rats was carried out in locations of forest ecosystem settlements, near forest settlements, non-forested far from settlements, non-forests near settlements, coastal remote settlements, and beaches near settlements. Leptospira in rats was detected by examination of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT). The results showed 278 rats were caught. The number of Leptospira positive rats in three districts by PCR was 34 (12.2%) and MAT were 13 (4.7%). Leptospira positive habitat types were settlements, yards, and secondary forests. The SaTScan results were obtained by six positive Leptospira rat clusters. There were no significant results which showed that no spread of Leptospira in the clusters. The presence of Leptospira in rats should be a warning for leptospirosis transmission risk at the study site.

Analisis Kondisi Lingkungan pada Kejadian Leptospirosis di Kabupaten Banyumas dengan Pendekatan Spasial

“…Jenis tikus tersebut menjadi reservoir penyakit leptospirosis di tiga wilayah kabupaten yaitu Kabupaten Manokwari, Fakfak, dan Raja Ampat. 32 Upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian populasi tikus harus dilakukan secara terpadu untuk mengatasi kasus leptospirosis khususnya didaerah cluster primer yaitu dengan cara mengontrol jumlah populasi tikus yang ada di lingkungan rumah (trapping tikus perorangan) maupun di lingkungan sekitar rumah (trapping tikus kelompok di kebun maupun sawah). Berbagai upaya perlu dilakukan untuk menjaga kebersihan dengan perbaikan sanitasi lingkungan meliputi penyimpanan makanan yang baik, menyediakan bak sampah tertutup, mencegah tikus masuk rumah, dan mengurangi cabang-cabang pohon yang berhubungan dengan rumah.…”