An update on natural compounds in the remedy of diabetes mellitus: A systematic review

Abstract

Herbal medicine, phytomedicine or botanical medicine are synonymous, utilizes plants intended for medicinal purposes. Medicinal use of herbal medicine in the treatment and prevention of diseases including diabetes has a long history compared to conventional medicine. Diabetes is one of the major public health concerns over the world. Diabetes or hyperglycemia is considered to be one of the common public health hazard; optimal control of which is still not possible. Persistent hyperglycemia or uncontrolled diabetes has the potential to cause serious complications such as kidney disease, vision loss, cardiovascular disease, and lower-limb amputations which contributed towards morbidity and mortality in diabetes. There are various approaches to treat and prevent diabetes as well as its secondary complications, one of it is herbal medicines. However, the selection of herbs might depends on several factors, which include the stage of progression of diabetes, types of comorbidities that the patients are having, availability, affordability as well as the safety profile of the herbs. This review focuses on the herbal and natural remedies that play the role in the treatment or prevention of this morbid disorder – diabetes, including their underlying mechanisms for the blood glucose-lowering property and the herbal products already been marketed for the remedial action of diabetes.

The efficacy and safety ofMomordica charantiaL. in animal models of type 2 diabetes mellitus; A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The observed decrease in triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c and increase in HDL-c underscore the potential of M. charantia L. in controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. The review results further confirm the hepato-renal protective effect of M. charantia L. that could partly explain the long history of its use as a nutritional food and herbal medicines for various ailments in local communities in Asia, South America, and Africa [111, 112].…”

“…People with T2DM use oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) for glycemic control and ameliorating diabetes complications, but the OHAs have in recent years been linked to intolerable side effects and increasing failure rate [8], leaving the majority of people with T2DM using medicinal plants as alternative therapy [9, 10]. Momordica charantia L. (Family; Cucurbitaceae) is one of such medicinal plants and well known in African, Ayurveda, and traditional Chinese systems of medicine for its use in diabetes mellitus.…”

The Role of Black Soybean and Purple Sweet Potato Active Compound on Advanced Glycation End-Product in Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rat

“…α-glucosidase is an enzyme which has the function in carbohydrate digestion. The inhibition of the enzyme causes a delay in the termination of disaccharide chain into monosaccharide (glucose) thus reducing the absorption of glucose in the small intestine [20,21,24].…”

In Vitro Antidiabetic Activity Affecting Glucose Uptake in HepG2 Cells Following Their Exposure to Extracts of Lauridia tetragona (L.f.) R.H. Archer

“…The high cost of available antidiabetic therapies together with the myriad of adverse side effects prompted the exploration of cheaper and more effective antidiabetic compounds from medicinal plants. Studies using extracts from plants have shown potential in improving diabetes following a significant improvement in glucose uptake [5][6][7][8][9]. Most of these plants have been reported to contain polyphenols as one of their active principles and recent reports also suggest the antidiabetic property of phenolics compounds [10,11].…”