An ultra-compact transformer for a 100 W to 120 kW inductive coupler for electric vehicle battery charging

Severns, Rudolf P.; Yeow, E.; Woody, G.; Hall, J.T.; Hayes, John G.

doi:10.1109/apec.1996.500418

Cited by 42 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Lumped systems may be further broken down into either closely coupled or loosely coupled types. Closely coupled lumped systems operate with relatively small air gaps where the user has to "plug in the primary," as was the case with charge paddles proposed for early electric vehicles (EVs) [13], [14]. Loosely coupled lumped systems operate with a large air gap, do not require user intervention, and are the subject of the investigation in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development of a Single-Sided Flux Magnetic Coupler for Electric Vehicle IPT Charging Systems

Budhia

Boys

Covic

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.

1,036

386

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inductive power transfer is a practical method for recharging electric vehicles because it is safe, convenient, and reliable. The performance of the magnetic couplers that transfer power determines the overall feasibility of a complete system. Circular couplers are the most common topology in the literature; however, they have fundamentally limited coupling. Their flux patterns necessarily limit the operational air gap as well as tolerance to horizontal misalignment. A new polarized coupler topology [referred to as a double D (DD)] is presented, which overcomes these difficulties. DDs provide a charge zone five times larger than that possible with circular pads for a similar material cost and are smaller. A 0.31-m 2 DD enables 2 kW of power transfer over an oval area measuring 540 mm × 800 mm with a 200-mm air gap. Leakage magnetic fields have been investigated and show that circular and DD couplers operating under similar power transfer conditions produce similar levels. Both topologies can be designed and operated to ensure compliance with international guidelines.Index Terms-Contactless power transfer, magnetic analysis, magnetic fields.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development of a Single-Sided Flux Magnetic Coupler for Electric Vehicle IPT Charging Systems

Budhia

Boys

Covic

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.

1,036

386

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Utilization of the CWT makes it feasible to implement a single loop, which can operate over wide frequency ranges and being able to be scaled up to meet a wide variety of power requirements. An ultracompact 100-W-120-kW IPT EV charging system addressing the tradeoffs in designing the transformer for the IPT system is presented in [45]. Core-design-specific issues are primarily concerned with the impact of nonlinear flux distribution, which results in geometric effects (denser flux around inside corner), eddy current losses, and electromagnetic interference.…”

Section: A Transformer-based Ipt Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Topological Analysis of Conductive and Inductive Charging Solutions for Plug-In Electric Vehicles

Khaligh

Düşmez

2012

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

524

160

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The impending global energy crisis has opened up new opportunities for the automotive industry to meet the everincreasing demand for cleaner and fuel-efficient vehicles. This has necessitated the development of drivetrains that are either fully or partially electrified in the form of electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (EVs and HEVs), respectively, which are collectively addressed as plug-in EVs (PEVs). PEVs in general are equipped with larger on-board storage and power electronics for charging or discharging the battery, in comparison with HEVs. The extent to which PEVs are adopted significantly depends on the nature of the charging solution utilized. In this paper, a comprehensive topological survey of the currently available PEV charging solutions is presented. PEV chargers based on the nature of charging (conductive or inductive), stages of conversion (integrated single stage or two stages), power level (level 1, 2, or 3), and type of semiconductor devices utilized (silicon, silicon carbide, or gallium nitride) are thoroughly reviewed in this paper.Index Terms-Electric vehicles (EVs), inductive charging, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), power electronics, wide-bandgap semiconductor devices.

show abstract

“…The EV user physically inserts the coupler into the vehicle inlet where the high-frequency power is transformer-coupled, rectified, and fed to the battery. The technology was researched and productized at levels ranging from a few kilowatts to tens of kilowatts, with a high-power demonstration at 120 kW [3][4][5][6]. A recommended practice for inductive charging of EVs, SAE J1773, was published by the SAE.…”

Section: Inductivementioning

confidence: 99%

Battery Charging

2011

Electric Bicycles

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Battery Charging "Power can be, and at no distant date will be, transmitted without wires, for all commercial uses, such as the lighting of homes and the driving of aeroplanes. I have discovered the essential principles, and it only remains to develop them commercially. When this is done, you will be able to go anywhere in the world to the mountain top overlooking your farm, to the arctic, or to the desertand set up a little equipment that will give you heat to cook with, and light to read by. This equipment will be carried in a satchel not as big as the ordinary suit case. In years to come wireless lights will be as common on the farms as ordinary electric lights are nowadays in our cities." Nikola Tesla (1856-1943) In this chapter, we investigate the charging of electric vehicles from the electric grid. Battery charging connects the vehicle to the electric grid, and many factors must be considered, such as available voltages and wiring, standardization, safety, communication, ergonomics, and more. Various charging architectures and charging standards are used. Conductive and wireless standards are discussed. The boost power-factor correction power stage is investigated in detail. 14.1 Basic Requirements for Charging System Many important issues must be considered when selecting the charging system. The principal issues are safety, reliability, user-friendliness, power levels and charging times, communications, and standardization. These issues are briefly discussed as follows. Safety: This is the most serious consideration for any automotive manufacturer introducing an electric vehicle (EV) to the consumer marketplace. The battery charger system must minimize the risk of electrical shock, fire, and injury to the end user for a wide range of operating and fault conditions. The system must provide various levels of insulation and safety checks in order to ensure a safe system. There are a number of electrical safety standards which are used around the world. The principal standards are from Underwriters Laboratories (UL) in the United States and VDE in Germany.

show abstract

An ultra-compact transformer for a 100 W to 120 kW inductive coupler for electric vehicle battery charging

Cited by 42 publications

References 1 publication

Development of a Single-Sided Flux Magnetic Coupler for Electric Vehicle IPT Charging Systems

Development of a Single-Sided Flux Magnetic Coupler for Electric Vehicle IPT Charging Systems

Comprehensive Topological Analysis of Conductive and Inductive Charging Solutions for Plug-In Electric Vehicles

Battery Charging

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About