An overview on the use of backscattered sound for measuring suspended particle size and concentration profiles in non-cohesive inorganic sediment transport studies

Thorne, Peter D.

doi:10.1016/j.csr.2013.10.017

Cited by 106 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A widely used technique is ultrasonic spectroscopy which consists in measuring the sound speed and the attenuation of ultrasound as a function of frequency [14][15][16]. Provided a model is assumed and/or some calibration step is performed, this technique leads to an estimate of the global suspension volume fraction φ 0 and even to the determination of some physical characteristics of the particles such as their size, their polydispersity or their elastic modulus [17,18]. Applications of such acoustic measurements include the characterization of food products [19,20], emulsions [21], or more recently clay suspensions [22].…”

Section: Acoustic Imaging In Suspensions Of Non-brownian Particlementioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Concentration and Velocity Maps in Particle Suspensions under Shear from Rheo-Ultrasonic Imaging

et al. 2017

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We extend a previously developed ultrafast ultrasonic technique [Gallot et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84, 045107 (2013)] to concentration field measurements in non-Brownian particle suspensions under shear. The technique provides access to time-resolved concentration maps within the gap of a Taylor-Couette cell simultaneously to local velocity measurements and standard rheological characterization. Benchmark experiments in homogeneous particle suspensions are used to calibrate the system. We then image heterogeneous concentration fields that result from centrifugation effects, from the classical Taylor-Couette instability and from sedimentation or shear-induced resuspension.

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Section: Acoustic Imaging In Suspensions Of Non-brownian Particlementioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Concentration and Velocity Maps in Particle Suspensions under Shear from Rheo-Ultrasonic Imaging

et al. 2017

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“…This would provide valuable additional information about the scattering and absorption behaviour of the particle species being tested. In addition, it should be noted that methods exist for calculating suspended particle size as well as concentration Thorne and Buckingham, 2004;Thorne and Hurther, 2014). The potential engineering applications of such inversions are obvious but have not been exploited to a large degree.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of particle concentration in horizontal, multiphase pipe flow using acoustic methods: Limiting concentration and the effect of attenuation

Rice¹,

Fairweather²,

Peakall

et al. 2015

Chemical Engineering Science

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Measurement of particle concentration in horizontal, multiphase pipe flow using acoustic methods: limiting concentration and the effect of attenuation AbstractAn acoustic dual-frequency concentration inversion method, in which the backscattered acoustic signal received by transducers operating in the megahertz range is used to determine the concentration profile in suspensions of solid particles in a carrier fluid and which was originally developed for environmental applications, is applied to arbitrary suspensions of general engineering interest. Two spherical glass and two non-spherical plastic particle types with a range of size distributions and densities are used. Particle concentration profiles in horizontal turbulent pipe flow at Reynolds numbers of 25 000 and 50 000 -below and above the critical deposition velocity, respectively -and nominal concentrations of 0.5, 1 and 3 % by volume are presented for the four particle species, using measured backscattering and attenuation coefficients. In particular, the effects of particle size, density and flow rate on the transport and settling behaviour of suspensions are elucidated. The results demonstrate the potential of this method for measuring the degree of segregation in real suspensions and slurries across a range of challenging application areas, such as the nuclear and minerals processing industries. The limitations of the method are explored in detail through an analysis of the acoustic penetration depth and the application-specific maximum measurable concentration, both of which can be used to determine the most appropriate acoustic frequencies and measurement Highlights Marine model for measuring suspended solid fraction adapted for general use. Glass and plastic particles tested at several fractions in horizontal pipe flow.  Clear differences observed between species and settling and non-settling flows. Limiting concentration and penetration depth derived to inform future experiments. Method has potential for use in several engineering applications.

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“…Exhaustive works may be found in technical-scientific books [38][39][40] and more recent review papers [24,25].…”

Section: Acoustic Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aiming to guide ADCP users in classifying an actual case study by the acoustic method to be applied for the indirect measurement of sediment transport, our objective was to investigate the dependence of acoustic properties (i.e., backscatter and sound attenuation) on the variation of suspended particles concentration and PSD sampled in the water column at two large rivers. Although excellent studies already exist [19][20][21][22][23][24][25], which aim to clarify these relationships, practical applications are mainly focused on a specific investigated case study that bore out an ADCP specific method [13,15,18,22]. Therefore, our aim was to give an answer on the practical need of evaluating the applicability of different acoustic methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Acoustic Properties of Suspended Sediment in Large Rivers: Consequences on ADCP Methods Applicability

Guerrero

Rüther

Szupiany

et al. 2016

Water

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Abstract:The use of echo-levels from Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) recordings has become more and more common for estimating suspended bed-material and wash loads in rivers over the last decade. Empirical, semi-empirical and physical-based acoustic methods have been applied in different case studies, which provided relationships between scattering particles features derived from samples (i.e., concentration and grain size) and corresponding backscattering strength and sound attenuation. These methods entail different assumptions regarding sediment heterogeneity in the ensonified volume (e.g., particle size distribution (PSD) and spatial concentration gradient). Our work was to compare acoustic backscatter and attenuation properties of suspended sediments, sampled in the rivers Parana and Danube that represented rather different hydro-sedimentological conditions during the surveys. The Parana represents a large sandy river, characterized through a huge watershed and the typical bimodal PSD of sediment in suspension, while the Danube represents in the investigated reach an exposed sand-gravel bed and clay-silt particles transported in the water column in suspension. Sand and clay-silt concentrations clearly dominate the analyzed backscattering strength in the rivers Parana and Danube, respectively, with an effect of PSD level of sorting in the latter case. This comparison clarifies the extent of assumptions made, eventually advising on the actual possibility of applying certain ADCP methods, depending on the expected concentration gradients and PSD of suspended sediment to be investigated.

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An overview on the use of backscattered sound for measuring suspended particle size and concentration profiles in non-cohesive inorganic sediment transport studies

Cited by 106 publications

References 47 publications

Simultaneous Concentration and Velocity Maps in Particle Suspensions under Shear from Rheo-Ultrasonic Imaging

Simultaneous Concentration and Velocity Maps in Particle Suspensions under Shear from Rheo-Ultrasonic Imaging

Measurement of particle concentration in horizontal, multiphase pipe flow using acoustic methods: Limiting concentration and the effect of attenuation

The Acoustic Properties of Suspended Sediment in Large Rivers: Consequences on ADCP Methods Applicability

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