An overview of European water treatment practice

Knoppert, P.L.; Oskam, G.; Vreedenburgh, E. G. H.

doi:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1980.tb04594.x

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…BAC filtration in US drinking water plants was rare in 1990 (Rittmann, 1990), one year before startup of CLCJAWA's water treatment facility. However, the benefits of this naturally occurring water treatment approach had been understood in the United States for some time (Bouwer & Crowe, 1988; Speitel & Okun, 1981), and its use in Europe was well established (Knoppert et al, 1980; Sontheimer, 1979; McCreary & Snoeyink, 1977).…”

Section: Treatment Process Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV disinfection of biologically active carbon filter effluent

Soucie

2012

Journal AWWA

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The biological activated carbon (BAC) filters at the Central Lake County Joint Action Water Agency (CLCJAWA; Lake Bluff, Ill.) shed heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria, especially when water temperatures exceed 15°C (59°F). Chlorine, previously the only disinfectant applied to BAC filter effluent at CLCJAWA, was augmented with the addition of ultraviolet (UV) reactors in 2004, creating a multiple barrier. An average collimated beam UV dosage of 12 mJ/cm2 was established for 3‐log inactivation of indigenous HPC bacteria, but the equivalent effective reactor dosage was difficult to determine with certainty. This unique UV application reduced 95th percentile BAC filter effluent HPC concentrations from 233 to 3 cfu/mL and the percentage of coliform‐positive samples from 25 to 0.07%. The reactors' medium‐pressure UV lamps remained efficacious at seven times their recommended replacement interval of 3,000 h. This article documents full‐scale HPC and total coliform inactivation in a water plant, describes the use of indigenous HPC concentrations to monitor UV reactor performance, and demonstrates the potential for extended lamp life.

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Section: Treatment Process Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV disinfection of biologically active carbon filter effluent

Soucie

2012

Journal AWWA

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“…Strategies refer to those modifications of a treatment system whose aim is to minimize or, ideally, eliminate the formation of the THMs, while techniques are those processes or modifications designed to remove THMs after their formation (Blanck, 1979 Sober et al, (1982) and Knoppert, et al, (1980).…”

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confidence: 99%

Kinetic rate constants for the formation of trihalomethanes in chlorinated ammonia containing ground water

Casey¹

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Biological Processes in Drinking Water Treatment

Bouwer¹,

Crowe²

1988

Journal AWWA

174

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Biological processes have the potential to remove pollutants that may be ineffectively removed water supplies generally require extenby conventional treatment, such as biodegradable organics, synthetic organic compounds, sive treatment because of the direct ammonia, nitrate, iron, and manganese. Biooxidation of organic matter and ammonia input of pollution and eutrophication. decreases available substrates for microbial regrowth in distribution systems, reduces tastes Conventional water treatment employs and odors, and decreases the amount of precursor available to form disinfection by-products. physicochemical processes that are most Biological removal of certain contaminants could extend the service time or capacity of effective for removing particulate matter, subsequent physicochemical processes. In US water treatment, the practice is often to impair hardness, taste and odors, and pathor preclude development of biological activity by prechlorination, rigorous scouring of filter ogens.z A typical treatment train includes media, and frequent backwashing of granular activated carbon. Practical experience in Europe coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, with media containing microbial activity has been favorable. filtration, and disinfection. 82 RESEARCH ANI) TECHNOLOGY JUIJRNAL AWWA

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An overview of European water treatment practice

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

UV disinfection of biologically active carbon filter effluent

UV disinfection of biologically active carbon filter effluent

Kinetic rate constants for the formation of trihalomethanes in chlorinated ammonia containing ground water

Biological Processes in Drinking Water Treatment

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