To increase the water supply of the southwestern part of the Netherlands and the city of Rotterdam, the construction of four new artificial storage reservoirs is projected in the so‐called “Biesbosch” area. These reservoirs are usually fed by water of the Meuse River, but are sometimes mixed with water from the Rhine.
The philosophy behind new treatment designs in Europe is to remove total organic carbon and synthetic organic contaminants in successive treatment steps—storage, flocculation, settling, ozonation, rapid and slow sand filtration, and granular activated carbon filtration—rather than only in the GAC filters. The idea is to combine physical, chemical, and biological removal mechanisms In an integrated system to achieve optimum removal of micropollutants.
Due to increased industrial pollution of the Rhine, a major source of raw water, the Rotterdam Waterworks built the Berenplaat pumped storage reservoir. The authors describe the functional operation of this reservoir and its effectiveness as a water treatment plant. The research covers all phases of pollution treatment by a plant of this nature, especially the chemical and biological aspects.
Most of the ground water in the western part of the Netherlands is undrinkable due to saltwater infiltration of the land, which is well below sea level. Since the city of Rotterdam must, therefore, depend on surface water, largely that of the Rhine, the maintenance of quality in holding reservoirs is important, especially in light of increased industrial pollution of the Rhine.
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