An outbreak of Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis in Beijing

Wang, Jing; Qi, Haifeng; Diao, Zongli; Zheng, Xiaoyan; Li, Xiaoli; Ma, Shihua; Ji, Ai-ping; Yin, Chenghong

doi:10.1645/ge-2214.1

Cited by 45 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, the recent outbreaks of A. cantonensis were most frequently attributed to consumption of raw or undercooked P. canaliculata in China. [4][5][6]15,16 Thus, local government should also work to control and regulate human contact with this potentially dangerous snail.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enzootic Angiostrongyliasis in Guangzhou, China, 2008–2010

Xiao¹,

ZhenYu²,

He³

et al. 2012

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. This study was conducted to gain an understanding of the Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection status of rodent definitive host, snail intermediate host, and local residents in Guangzhou, China. A total of 430 rats were captured and 23 rats, from two species, were infected, with an average infection rate of 5.35%. A total of 795 Achatina fulica snails and 734 Pomacea canaliculata snails were collected. The average infection rates of these two species were 13.96% (111 of 795) and 1.50% (11 of 734), respectively. As for the seroprevalence of different occupations, the rate among the "general group" was significantly lower than the "occupational group." From this survey, Guangzhou is implicated to be the natural focus of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Rattus norvegicus and Achatina fulica play important roles in spreading this nematode in Guangzhou. Residents who live in Guangzhou, especially those working in certain industries such as agriculture, food-making, and aquaculture, face a higher risk of infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Although few cases were reported between 1984 and 1997, several outbreaks had been reported throughout Beijing, Yunnan, and Guangdong provinces in the past 10 years. [4][5][6] With cases increasing rapidly in recent years, human angiostrongyliasis is becoming a new public health problem in mainland China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzootic Angiostrongyliasis in Guangzhou, China, 2008–2010

Xiao¹,

ZhenYu²,

He³

et al. 2012

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…The aggressiveness of the illness when large quantities of third-stage larvae of the parasite are eaten is commonly observed in China, Thailand and other countries in southeastern Asia that have similar nutritional habits 20,21 . These sequelae have not been observed in Cuban patients because larva ingestion is purely accidental 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimmunological findings of Angiostrongylus cantonensis meningitis in ecuadorian patients

Dorta‐Contreras

Padilla-Docal

Moreira³

et al. 2011

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Meningitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis has recently been reported in patients resulting from the first outbreaks in subtropical regions of Ecuador. Method: Eight young adult patients from the two outbreaks were studied. IgA, IgM, IgG and albumin in cerebrospinal fluid and serum were quantified and plotted in cerebrospinal fluid/serum quotient diagrams (Reibergrams). The anamnesis on the patients included asking about any consumption of raw snails, symptoms and harm caused. Results: Mean eosinophilia of 7.5% and 26% in serum and cerebrospinal fluid respectively was observed, as well as a moderate increase in total proteins. The most frequent pattern of intrathecal synthesis was observed in three classes of immunoglobulins. Intrathecal synthesis of IgM was observed in all cases two weeks after the first symptoms appeared. Conclusion: The intrathecal synthesis patterns of eosinophilic meningitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis, facilitated by cerebrospinal fluid analysis, were similar to those of previous cases from abroad. Key words: Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Ecuador, eosinophilia, intrathecal synthesis, meningitis, Reibergram.Hallazgos neuroinmunologicos en meningitis por Angiostrongylus cantonesis en pacientes ecuatorianos RESUMEN La meningitis provocada por Angiostrongylus cantonensis ha sido reportada recientemente en pacientes procedentes de los primeros brotes reportados en regiones subtropicales de Ecuador. Método: Ocho adultos jóvenes procedentes de dos brotes fueron estudiados. Se cuantificó IgA, IgM, IgG y albúmina en suero y líquido cefalorraquídeo y fueron colocados en los gráficos de las razones líquido cefalorraquídeo/suero (reibergramas). La anamnesia incluía ingestión de caracoles crudos, los síntomas y los daños provocados. Resultados: Una eosinofílica promedio de 7,5 y 26% en suero y líquido cefalorraquídeo fue observada al igual que un moderado incremento en las proteínas totales. El patrón de síntesis intratecal predominante fue de tres clases de inmunoglobulinas. La síntesis intratecal de IgM se observó en todos los casos a las dos semanas después del inicio de los síntomas. Conclusión: El patrón de síntesis intratecal de la meningitis eosinofílica por Angiostrongylus cantonensis facilitado por el análisis del líquido cefalorraquídeo fue similar a los casos previos reportados fuera del país.

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“…Other symptoms such as urinary incontinence, hyporeflexia of the hindlimbs, muscle atrophy and altered behaviour are signs of more severe infections when the brain, spinal cord and nerve roots are affected 12,14,41 . Figure 4 shows different clinical symptoms of human cases of neural angiostrongyliasis in China.…”

Section: Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, over 2,800 human cases have been reported world-wide of which 28 are from Australia 5,12 . Outbreaks of the disease have been reported from Tahiti 13 , American Samoa 14 , Taiwan 15 , the Caribbean region 16,17 , Japan 18 , China 12,19,20 , and Ecuador 21 . In such outbreaks, groups of people are usually affected by the disease in a single geographical location owing to a point source exposure attributed to contaminated foods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and pathological studies on Angiostrongylus species in southeast Queensland

Aghazadeh¹

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Despite an apparent increase in cases of angiostrongyliasis in humans and animals in Australia, the epidemiology of infection with the two species of Angiostrongylus that co-exist in this country, namely A. cantonensis and A. mackerrasae, is poorly understood. This knowledge gap is particularly important with respect to Angiostrongylus mackerrasae, a species evidently native to Australia, as its ability to cause disease in humans is unknown.Likewise, there is little information on the roles of native and introduced species of rodents and molluscs as hosts of Angiostrongylus species in Australia. This thesis focuses on the gaps in the knowledge about the epidemiology of two species in southeast Queensland, highlighting the hotspots for transmission of the parasite in urban Brisbane. A comprehensive survey of rats belonging to the species Rattus rattus, Rattus norvegicus and Rattus fuscipes was conducted. The prevalence of infection with Angiostrongylus spp. was 16.5% in Rattus spp. trapped in urban Brisbane and surrounds which is much higher than estimates of earlier studies. This highlights the possible risk of zoonotic infection in children, dogs and wildlife in this region and indicates the necessity for public awareness as well as more detailed epidemiological studies on this parasite in eastern Australia.Of the two Australian species, Angiostrongylus mackerrasae appears to be adapted to life in the native bush rat, Rattus fuscipes. This species evidently has an identical life cycle to that of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. A. mackerrasae may have greater potential to infect non-rodent hosts as it has been found as adult form in the lungs, as has been recorded for an individual flying fox.This raises concerns as to the potential of this native angiostrongylid to infect domestic animals and humans. To date, data on the taxonomy, epidemiology and population genetics of A. mackerrasae are poor or unknown. Here, we describe the mitochondrial (mt) genome of A. mackerrasae with the aim of addressing some of these knowledge gaps.The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of A. mackerrasae was amplified from a single morphologically identified adult worm, by long-PCR in two overlapping amplicons (8 kb and 10 kb). The amplicons were sequenced using the MiSeq Illumina platform and annotated using an in-house pipeline. Amino acid sequences inferred from individual protein coding genes of the mt genomes were concatenated and then subjected to phylogenetic analysis using Bayesian inference.The mt genome of A. mackerrasae is 13,640 bp in size and contains 12 protein coding genes (cox1-3, nad1-6, nad4L, atp6 and cob), and two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. The mt genome of A. mackerrasae has similar characteristics to those of other Angiostrongylus species which is explained in detail in chapter 3. Phylogenic comparisons reveal III that A. mackerrasae is closely related to A. cantonensis and the two sibling species may have recently diverged compared with all other species in the genus with a highl...

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An outbreak of Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis in Beijing

Cited by 45 publications

References 7 publications

Enzootic Angiostrongyliasis in Guangzhou, China, 2008–2010

Enzootic Angiostrongyliasis in Guangzhou, China, 2008–2010

Neuroimmunological findings of Angiostrongylus cantonensis meningitis in ecuadorian patients

Molecular and pathological studies on Angiostrongylus species in southeast Queensland

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