An optical ultrafast random bit generator

Kanter, Ido; Aviad, Yaara; Reidler, I.; Cohen, E.; Rosenbluh, M.

doi:10.1038/nphoton.2009.235

Cited by 458 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Figure 5a shows the calculated emission intensity for I/I th = 1.5, τ ext = 10 ns and κ = 10 ns − 1 . As a result of self-feedback, the model predicts chaotic intensity fluctuations-a feature which has been observed experimentally for SCLs 19,27,29 . The related g (2) (τ) function is depicted in Figure 5b.…”

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confidence: 58%

Observing chaos for quantum-dot microlasers with external feedback

et al. 2011

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Chaos presents a striking and fascinating phenomenon of nonlinear systems. A common aspect of such systems is the presence of feedback that couples the output signal partially back to the input. Feedback coupling can be well controlled in optoelectronic devices such as conventional semiconductor lasers that provide bench-top platforms for the study of chaotic behaviour and high bit rate random number generation. Here we experimentally demonstrate that chaos can be observed for quantum-dot microlasers operating close to the quantum limit at nW output powers. Applying self-feedback to a quantum-dot microlaser results in a dramatic change in the photon statistics wherein strong, super-thermal photon bunching is indicative of random-intensity fluctuations associated with the spiked emission of light. our experiments reveal that gain competition of few quantum dots in the active layer enhances the influence of self-feedback and will open up new avenues for the study of chaos in quantum systems.

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confidence: 58%

Observing chaos for quantum-dot microlasers with external feedback

et al. 2011

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“…To motivate the EBU model of reality, consider the following scenario [24]: A massive object has rocket engines attached at each end that allow it to move either left or right. The engines are fired alternately by a computer, which produces firing intervals and burn times based on a sensor activated by the random decays of a radioactive element [56]. These signals select the actual spacetime path of the object from the set of all possible paths.…”

Section: Time and The Emerging Block Universementioning

confidence: 99%

“…where F (τ ) represents internal dynamics not visible to the external world 8 ; there might be a mechanism here that is computer controlled via an algorithm embodying a random number generator 9 or based in random signals generated via radioactive decay [56]. Then as explained above ( §2 and Fig.1), the initial data do not determine the outcome (F (τ ) indicates a causal influence but not a predictable functional relation).…”

Section: Rates Of Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Spacetime and the Passage of Time

Ellis

Goswami

2014

Springer Handbook of Spacetime

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This paper examines the various arguments that have been put forward suggesting either that time does not exist, or that it exists but it's flow is not real. I argue that (i) time both exists and flows; (ii) an Evolving Block Universe ('EBU') model of spacetime adequately captures this feature, emphasizing the key differences between the past, present, and future; (iii) the associated surfaces of constant time are uniquely geometrically and physically determined in any realistic spacetime model based in General Relativity Theory; (iv) such a model is needed in order to capture the essential aspects of what is happening in circumstances where initial data does not uniquely determine the evolution of spacetime structure because quantum uncertainty plays a key role in that development. Assuming that the functioning of the mind is based in the physical brain, evidence from the way that the mind apprehends the flow of time prefers this evolving time model over those where there is no flow of time. Space time and the Block UniverseIn this section I briefly summarize the usual representation in relativity theory of space-time as an unchanging block universe, and the associated view that the change of time is an illusion.The nature of spacetime in both special and general relativity has lead some to a view that the passage of time is an illusion [72,12,39,40]. Given data at an arbitrary time, it is claimed that everything occurring at any later or earlier time can be uniquely determined from that data, evolved according to deterministic local physical laws (this is formalized in standard existence and uniqueness theorems [49]). Consequently, nothing can be special about any particular moment; there is no special "now" which can be called the present. Past, present and future are equal to each other, for there is no surface which can uniquely be called the present.Such a view can be formalized in the idea of a Block Universe [59,70,17]: space and time are represented as merged into an unchanging spacetime entity, with no particular space sections identified as the present and no evolution of spacetime taking place. The universe just is: a fixed spacetime block, representing all events that have happened and that will happen. This representation implicitly embodies the idea that time is an illusion: time does not "roll on" in this picture. All past and future times are equally present, and the present "now" is just one of an infinite number. Price [67] and Barbour [7] in particular advocate such a position. Underlying this, as emphasized by Barbour, is the idea that time-reversible Hamiltonian dynamics provides the foundation for physical theory in general and gravitation in particular. Occasionally cosmology or astrophysics takes into account time-irreversible physics, for example nucleosynthesis in the early universe or the late phases of gravitational collapse, but the notion of the present as a special time remains absent.The problem with this view is that it is profound contradiction with our experiences in e...

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“…On the same theme, it should not be forgotten that Nature Photonics has already published two papers that describe the use of chaotically driven semiconductor lasers for generating high-quality random bit sequences of up to 300 Gbit s -1 for improved security in cryptography systems 3,4 .…”

Section: Celebrating the Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

Celebrating the laser

2010

Nature Photon

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An optical ultrafast random bit generator

Cited by 458 publications

References 12 publications

Observing chaos for quantum-dot microlasers with external feedback

Observing chaos for quantum-dot microlasers with external feedback

Spacetime and the Passage of Time

Celebrating the laser

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