An investigation of the protective effect of alpha+‐thalassaemia against severe <i><scp>P</scp>lasmodium falciparum</i> amongst children in <scp>K</scp>umasi, <scp>G</scp>hana

Opoku-Okrah, Clement; Gordge, Michael P.; Nakua, Emmanuel Kweku; Abgenyega, Tsiri; Parry, Miriam; Robertson, Claire E.; Smith, Caroline L.

doi:10.1111/ijlh.12122

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(279 reference statements)

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“…This study investigated associations between the α-thalassaemia trait and P. falciparum asexual parasitaemia and gametocytaemia in subjects of different demographic backgrounds in malaria endemic communities in southern Ghana. The overall distribution of heterozygous α–thalassaemia observed in this study area was relatively higher (20% to 30%) than observed in other parts of the country [4, 18, 19]. This was probably due to the fact that the community is populated with diverse ethnicity, hence there might have been a lot of inter marriages among the various tribes that might have influenced heterozygosity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Association between alpha-thalassaemia trait, Plasmodium falciparum asexual parasites and gametocyte carriage in a malaria endemic area in Southern Ghana

et al. 2019

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ObjectiveThe alpha-thalassaemia trait has been associated with protection against severe malaria but its role in Plasmodium falciparum asexual parasite and gametocyte carriage remains unclear. This study examined association between prevalence of α-thalassaemia and P. falciparum asexual stage parasitaemia and gametocytaemia in children, pregnant women and adults, which was part of a bigger study that investigated some key factors that influence gametocyte carriage.ResultsOverall prevalence of heterozygous α-thalassaemia trait among all the groups was 39.0%, while 8.2% were homozygous alpha thalassaemia. Asexual parasite prevalence was significantly higher in children (P = 0.008) compared to adults and pregnant women. Of the asexual P. falciparum positive individuals, gametocyte prevalence was 38.5% (15/39) in children, 29.7% (11/37) in pregnant women and 17.4% (4/23) in adults. Heterozygous α-thalassaemic children were less likely to harbour asexual parasites, compared with normal and those deficient (OR = 0.52; 95% CI 0.28–0.97; P = 0.037) under the dominant model. These heterozygous children were also associated with reduced risk of parasitaemia compared to heterozygous adults and pregnant women. Children with heterozygous α-thalassaemia trait had reduced risk of asexual parasite carriage. There was however, no association between α-thalassaemia trait and risk of gametocyte carriage.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Association between alpha-thalassaemia trait, Plasmodium falciparum asexual parasites and gametocyte carriage in a malaria endemic area in Southern Ghana

et al. 2019

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“…approximately 20-30% [3][4][5][6]. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern countries. Gene selection for alpha thalassemia offers protection against malaria falciparum [6,7]. However, nowadays, population migration has increased alpha gene mutation frequency even in the malarial non-endemic region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematological Profile of Hb Adana Among High School Students in Northeast of Peninsular, Malaysia

Phoon,

Siti Asmaa,

Zakaria

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Hb Adana is a non-deletional α-thalassaemia variant, due to mutations in α1- or α2-globin codon 59 (αCD59) that produce unstable α-globin. Clinical appearance can range from silent carrier to blood transfusion reliance, hepatosplenomegaly, skeletal deformities, and spinal cord compression. Despite the importance of Hb Adana inheritance, this Hb variant is challenging to study since molecular tests are scarce and routine diagnosis can be missed. This study explored the distribution of Hb Adana among local high school students and evaluate the hematological parameters and haemoglobin analysis of Hb Adana in this region of Malaysia. This retrospective study included 13,721 blood samples from high school students enrolled in Malaysia's National Thalassaemia Screening Program at Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II (HRPZ II). Multiplex Gap PCR was used to detect deletional α-thalassaemia. Common non-deletional α-thalassaemia was detected using multiplex ARMS PCR. Evaluable data were retrieved from the HRPZ II database. Results: A total of 2327 subjects exhibited common deletional (n=1037, 44.6%) and non-deletional (n=1290, 55.4%) α-thalassaemia. Hb Constant Spring was the most frequent non-deletional α-thalassaemia. Thirty-one participants (1.33%) had αCD59α/αα and one (0.04%) had αCD59α/-α3.7. The 32 Hb Adana subjects were 87.5% Malay, and 12.5% Orang Asli. Additionally, seven cases of HbE/Hb Adana were discovered. The haemoglobin level in heterozygous Hb Adana ranged from mild anaemia to normal, 95.0 g/L to 153.0 g/L. The MCV and MCH were approximately 73 fL and 23 pg, respectively. Conclusions: We have denoted the distribution of alpha thalassaemia mutation patterns among high school students in Kelantan, Northeast Peninsular of Malaysia. Our observation showed Hb Adana was rarely uncommon in our region and the co-inheritance with an α-gene deletion generates α+-thalassaemia; with HbE, α0-thalassaemia. All heterozygous Hb Adana exhibited low MCVs and MCHs.

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“… 14 A case-control study in Africa and Papua New Guinea (PNG) found that silent α-thalassemia protects against P. falciparum . 8 – 9 , 18 – 21 Alpha-thalassemia trait -- SEA deletion was commonly found in Thailand and Southeast Asia (SEA). 15 – 16 The -- SEA allele has been identified as the recent balancing selected allele triggered by malaria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Observational Study of the Effect of Hemoglobinopathy, Alpha Thalassemia and Hemoglobin E on P. Vivax Parasitemia

Para¹,

Mungkalasut²,

Chanda³

et al. 2018

Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis

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BackgroundThe protective effect of α-thalassemia, a common hematological disorder in Southeast Asia, against Plasmodium falciparum malaria has been well established. However, there is much less understanding of the effect of α-thalassemia against P. vivax. Here, we aimed to investigate the proportion of α-thalassemia including the impact of α-thalassemia and HbE on the parasitemia of P. vivax in Southeast Asian malaria patients in Thailand.MethodsA total of 210 malaria patients, admitted to the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Thailand during 2011–2012, consisting of 159 Myanmeses, 13 Karens, 26 Thais, 3 Mons, 3 Laotians, and 6 Cambodians were recruited. Plasmodium spp. and parasite densities were determined. Group of deletion mutation (--SEA, −α3.7, −α4.2deletion) and substitution mutation (HbCS and HbE) were genotyped using multiplex gap-PCR and PCR-RFLP, respectively.ResultsIn our malaria patients, 17/210 homozygous and 74/210 heterozygous −α3.7 deletion were found. Only 3/210 heterozygous −α4.2 and 2/210 heterozygous--SEA deletion were detected. HbE is frequently found with 6/210 homozygotes and 35/210 heterozygotes. The most common thalassemia allele frequencies in Myanmar population were −α3.7 deletion (0.282), followed by HbE (0.101), HbCS (0.013), −α4.2 deletion (0.009), and --SEA deletion (0.003). Only density of P. vivax in α-thalassemia trait patients (−α3.7/−α3.7, --SEA/αα, −α3.7/−α4.2) but not in silent α-thalassemia (−α3.7/αα, −α4.2/αα, ααCS/αα) were significantly higher compared with non-α-thalassemia patients (p=0.027). HbE did not affect P. vivax parasitemia. The density of P. falciparum significantly increased in heterozygous HbE patients (p=0.046).ConclusionsAlpha-thalassemia trait is associated with high levels of P. vivax parasitemia in malaria patients in Southeast Asia.

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An investigation of the protective effect of alpha+‐thalassaemia against severe Plasmodium falciparum amongst children in Kumasi, Ghana

Cited by 5 publications

References 101 publications

Association between alpha-thalassaemia trait, Plasmodium falciparum asexual parasites and gametocyte carriage in a malaria endemic area in Southern Ghana

Association between alpha-thalassaemia trait, Plasmodium falciparum asexual parasites and gametocyte carriage in a malaria endemic area in Southern Ghana

Haematological Profile of Hb Adana Among High School Students in Northeast of Peninsular, Malaysia

An Observational Study of the Effect of Hemoglobinopathy, Alpha Thalassemia and Hemoglobin E on P. Vivax Parasitemia

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