An International Continence Society (ICS) report on the terminology for pelvic floor muscle assessment

Abstract

Introduction The terminology for female and male pelvic floor muscle (PFM) assessment has expanded considerably since the first PFM function and dysfunction standardization of terminology document in 2005. New terms have entered assessment reports, and new investigations to measure PFM function and dysfunction have been developed. An update of this terminology was required to comprehensively document the terms and their definitions, and to describe the assessment method and interpretation of the finding, to standardize assessment procedures and aid diagnostic decision making. Methods This report combines the input of members of the Standardisation Committee of the International Continence Society (ICS) Working Group 16, with contributions from recognized experts in the field and external referees. A logical, sequential, clinically directed assessment framework was created against which the assessment process was mapped. Within categories and subclassifications, each term was assigned a numeric coding. A transparent process of 12 rounds of full working group and external review was undertaken to exhaustively examine each definition, plus additional extensive internal development, with decision making by collective opinion (consensus). Results A Terminology Report for the symptoms, signs, investigations, and diagnoses associated with PFM function and dysfunction, encompassing 185 separate definitions/descriptors, has been developed. It is clinically based with the most common assessment processes defined. Clarity and user‐friendliness have been key aims to make it interpretable by clinicians and researchers of different disciplines. Conclusion A consensus‐based Terminology Report for assessment of PFM function and dysfunction has been produced to aid clinical practice and be a stimulus for research.

Urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and quality of life in women submitted to total hip replacement

“…Specifically, the OIM gradually loses its mechanical efficiency, which may contributes to the emergence of dysfunction of the PFM likely due to the synergic action between these group muscles, leading to episodes of UI and OAB. The theoretical association between hip and pelvic floor hypotonicity 7 is the basis of the physiopathological hypothesis initially described to explain the association between UI/OAB and hip dysfunction in OA 4,8 . Baba and cols 8 .…”

“…Tamaki et al 4 published the first report on the possible relationship between hip dysfunction and UI. Authors hypothesized that the hypotonicity 7 of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM) might be associated to the pathogenesis of UI and the hypotonic PFM could be improved by THR. The short external rotators are composed of obturator internus muscle (OIM), the superior and inferior gemelli, piriformis and quadratus femoris muscles.…”

Tradução para a língua portuguesa do artigo original em inglês “ The International Continence Society (ICS) report on the terminology for adult male lower urinary tract and pelvic floor symptoms and dysfunction”

“…NR 2.12 2.6 Função da musculatura do AP (MAP). (3,5,42,43) Os seguintes sinais da função da MAP podem ser avaliados por meio do exame do períneo (exame visual ou tátil) ou do reto (palpação digital). O exame digital retal pode ser menos útil nas dis funções urinárias masculinas, em que o esfíncter uretral, inacessível ao toque retal, tem papel mais importante.…”

“…O exame digital retal pode ser menos útil nas dis funções urinárias masculinas, em que o esfíncter uretral, inacessível ao toque retal, tem papel mais importante. (44) (Novo) 2.6.1 Exame perineal: (3,5,42,43) (18) o período entre acordar com a intenção de se levan tar até ir para a cama com a intenção de dormir (horas acordadas). (Novo) 2.7.2.2 Período noturno: (18) (18) o perío do entre o momento de adormecer e o tempo de despertar para o dia seguinte.…”

“…(43,44) é o movimen to interior (ventrocefálico) do perí neo e do ânus. NR 2.13 Procure por ele vação testicular e retração peniana.…”