An inoculant<i>Rhizobium</i>strain for improved establishment and growth of hexaploid Caucasian clover (<i>Trifolium ambiguum</i>)

Pryor, H. N.; Lowther, W. L.; Mcintyre, H. J.; Ronson, Clive W.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1998.9513301

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Seguin (2000) in Minnesota, reported a seeding year N 2 fixation in commercially inoculated Kura clover of only 17 kg N·ha -1 , with 25% of N derived from the atmosphere. In New Zealand, Pryor et al (1998) reported that a strain isolated locally from fields initially inoculated with commercial inoculant, greatly improved the establishment of oversown Kura clover. They reported individual plant mass 3 times greater 13 months after seeding when inoculated with this newly isolated rhizobial strain (ICC148) than with the strain currently used in New Zealand (ICC105 = UMR6015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of rhizobia nodulating Trifolium ambiguum in North America

Séguin¹,

Graham

Ehlke³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Microbiol.

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Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M.B.) is a persistent rhizomatous forage legume, whose use in the U.S.A. is limited by establishment difficulties in part attributable to nodulation problems. In this study, soil was collected from established stands of Kura clover growing in 9 diverse North American environments. Rhizobia were plant-trapped using Kura clover cv. Endura as host, then rhizobia from nodules fingerprinted using BOX-PCR. The diversity of isolates from North America was then contrasted to that of rhizobia from a single Caucasian environment (Russia), the center of origin for this species. Populations were characterized using clustering methods, and genetic diversity estimated using the Shannon-Weaver diversity index. The genetic diversity of the North American populations was extremely limited, all isolates being closely related to two of the strains found in a locally available commercial inoculant. In contrast, Russian isolates formed a distinct cluster with significant internal genetic diversity. Genetic diversity indices for the North American and Russian populations were 3.5 and 10.76, respectively. The implication of this and other studies is that Kura clover is highly specific in Rhizobium requirement. If the performance of this legume in the U.S.A. is to be improved, either by modifying current establishment practices or plant breeding, it is essential that these studies be paralleled by more collections and evaluation of rhizobia from its center of origin, given the extremely limited diversity of rhizobia found in North America.Key words: genetic diversity, rhizobia, Kura clover, BOX-PCR.85 Résumé : Le trèfle Kura (Trifolium ambiguum M.B.) est une légumineuse de fourrage persistente à rhizome, dont l'usage aux États-Unis est restreint par des difficultés d'implantation attribuables en partie à des problèmes de nodulation. Dans l'étude présente, de la terre fut prélevée de peuplements établis de trèfle Kura poussant dans neuf environnement nord-américains distincts. Les rhizobiums furent capturés par le cultivar Endura du trèfle Kura en tant qu'hôte, puis les empreintes génétiques des rhizobiums des nodules furent prises par BOX-PCR. La diversité des isolats nordaméricains fut alors contrastée avec celle de rhizobiums provenant d'un environnement caucasien unique (Russie), le centre d'origine de cette espèce. Les populations furent caractérisées par des méthodes de regroupement et l'indice de diversité Shannon-Weaver fut employé pour estimer la diversité génétique. La diversité génétique des populations nordaméricaines était extrêmement limitée, tous les isolats étant fortement apparentées à deux des souches retrouvées dans des incoculums commerciaux locaux. En revanche, les isolats russes ont formé un ensemble distinct pourvu d'une diversité interne appréciable. Les indices de diversité génétique des populations nord-américaines et russes étaient de 3,5 et 10,76, respectivement. La portée de cette constatation et d'autres études est que le trèfle Kura serait hautement spé-cifique dan...

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confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of rhizobia nodulating Trifolium ambiguum in North America

Séguin¹,

Graham

Ehlke³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Microbiol.

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“…The 5 perennial clover species listed above that have varying but minor roles in Australian agriculture are provided with individual commercial inocula because of their previously noted specificity for effective nodulation (Hely 1957;Norris 1959;Jones and Date 1975;Pryor et al 1998). These inocula have been supplied in the Australian system through the Group B culture (strain TA1), or as special inoculant strain formulations (Bullard et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interactions of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii in nodulation of annual and perennial Trifolium spp. from diverse centres of origin

Howieson

Yates

O’Hara

et al. 2005

Aust. J. Exp. Agric.

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The release of effective inocula for new perennial clovers into cropping zones where subterranean clover is important might compromise N2 fixation by this valuable annual clover if symbiosis between the new inoculants and subterranean clover is not optimal. To assist our understanding of the interactions between clovers and their microsymbionts, rhizobial strains and clovers from South and equatorial Africa, North and South America, and the Euro–Mediterranean regions were tested. Glasshouse-based studies of the cross-inoculation characteristics of 38 strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii associated with 38 genotypes of annual and perennial Trifolium spp. from these world centres of diversity were undertaken. Less than 7.5% of the perennial clover symbioses were effective whereas 40% of associations were effective for many of the annual clover species of Euro–Mediterranean origin. There was substantial specificity within the African clovers for effective nodulation. Rhizobial strains from the South American perennial T. polymorphum or from the African clovers were unable to nodulate subterranean clover effectively. Also, 7 of the 17 strains from these regions were unable to form nodules with the less promiscuous Mediterranean annual clovers, T. glanduliferum and T. isthmocarpum. Fifty-three of about 400 cross-inoculation treatments examined, which included annual and perennial clovers, were incapable of forming nodules, while only 65 formed effective nodules. There are 2 barriers to effective nodulation: a ‘geographic’ barrier representing the broad centres of clover diversity, across which few host-strain combinations were effective; and, within each region, a significant ‘phenological’ barrier between annual and perennial species. Clovers and their rhizobia from within the Euro–Mediterranean region of diversity were more able to cross the phenological barrier than genotypes from the other regions. It appears that only the relatively promiscuous clovers, whether annual or perennial, have been commercialised to date. The data indicate that, for perennial clovers, it will be a substantial challenge to develop inocula that do not adversely affect N2 fixation by subterranean clover and other annual clovers available commercially, especially if the perennial clovers were originally from Africa or America. Some future strategies for development of inoculants for clovers are proposed.

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“…Leo); and at North Wyke, a hexaploid cultivar of Caucasian clover (cv. Endura), with its improved specific Rhizobium (Pryor et al . 1998) and a rhizome‐producing population of birdsfoot trefoil (ARS‐2622) developed from Moroccan accessions (Beuselinck and Steiner, 2003).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of different legume‐based swards on intake and performance of grazing ruminants under Mediterranean and cool temperate conditions

Molle¹,

Decandia²,

Sölter

et al. 2008

Grass and Forage Science

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Intake and performance of sheep or cattle grazing legume-based swards were assessed over 2 years at four locations in Europe with different climatic conditions: Sardinia (Italy), southern France, northern Germany and south-west England (UK). Legume species were sown in mixtures with locally appropriate companion grass species. Standard legume species commonly used at the location (Medicago polymorpha in Italy, Medicago sativa in France, and Trifolium repens in Germany and UK) were compared with two alternative legume species characterized by different agronomic or nutritional characteristics. They were: Trifolium subterraneum and Hedysarum coronarium in Italy; Trifolium incarnatum and Onobrychis sativa in France; Trifolium pratense and Lotus corniculatus in Germany; and Trifolium ambiguum and L. corniculatus in the UK. Lactating milk sheep in Italy, non-lactating ewes in southern France, growing cattle in Germany, and ewes and lambs in the UK were used in three replicates per treatment. Intake and performance of sheep and cattle in various treatments varied with location, year and period within year. In Germany, intake and performance by cattle were not affected by treatment. In contrast, at the other locations, sheep grazing standard or alternative legume species known to contain condensed tannins (sulla, sainfoin and birdsfoot trefoil) had higher proportions of legume and crude protein (CP) concentrations in the diet and higher CP intakes than those grazing the other alternative legume species. Sheep performance paralleled these results. It is concluded that there is potential for a greater use of alternative legume species, at least for sheep-grazing systems, in both the Mediterranean and cool temperate zones of Europe.

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An inoculantRhizobiumstrain for improved establishment and growth of hexaploid Caucasian clover (Trifolium ambiguum)

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

Genetic diversity of rhizobia nodulating Trifolium ambiguum in North America

Genetic diversity of rhizobia nodulating Trifolium ambiguum in North America

The interactions of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii in nodulation of annual and perennial Trifolium spp. from diverse centres of origin

The effect of different legume‐based swards on intake and performance of grazing ruminants under Mediterranean and cool temperate conditions

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