An Improved Radio Resource Management with Carrier Aggregation in LTE Advanced

Chayon, Hasibur Rashid; Dimyati, Kaharudin; Ramiah, Harikrishnan; Reza, Ahmed Wasif

doi:10.3390/app7040394

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The average user throughput is defined as the amount of data received by a connected user on average in a cellular network. Mathematically, it can be defined as the number of packets received by a specific user [82]. Figure 7 illustrates the outcome of the average user throughput for a varied number of users.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Future 5G-IoT Millimeter-Wave Network Performance at 38 GHz for Urban Microcell Outdoor Environment

et al. 2019

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The advent of fifth-generation (5G) systems and their mechanics have introduced an unconventional frequency spectrum of high bandwidth with most falling under the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum. The benefit of adopting these bands of the frequency spectrum is two-fold. First, most of these bands appear to be unutilized and they are free, thus suggesting the absence of interference from other technologies. Second, the availability of a larger bandwidth offers higher data rates for all users, as there are higher numbers of users who are connected in a small geographical area, which is also stated as the Internet of Things (IoT). Nevertheless, high-frequency band poses several challenges in terms of coverage area limitations, signal attenuation, path and penetration losses, as well as scattering. Additionally, mmWave signal bands are susceptible to blockage from buildings and other structures, particularly in higher-density urban areas. Identifying the channel performance at a given frequency is indeed necessary to optimize communication efficiency between the transmitter and receiver. Therefore, this paper investigated the potential ability of mmWave path loss models, such as floating intercept (FI) and close-in (CI), based on real measurements gathered from urban microcell outdoor environments at 38 GHz conducted at the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Kuala Lumpur campus. The measurement data were obtained by using a narrow band mmWave channel sounder equipped with a steerable direction horn antenna. It investigated the potential of the network for outdoor scenarios of line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) with both schemes of co-(vertical-vertical) and cross (vertical-horizontal) polarization. The parameters were selected to reflect the performance and the variances with other schemes, such as average users cell throughput, throughput of users that are at cell-edges, fairness index, and spectral efficiency. The outcomes were examined for various antenna configurations as well as at different channel bandwidths to prove the enhancement of overall network performance. This work showed that the CI path loss model predicted greater network performance for the LOS condition, and also estimated significant outcomes for the NLOS environment. The outputs proved that the FI path loss model, particularly for V-V antenna polarization, gave system simulation results that were unsuitable for the NLOS scenario. IntroductionIn a 5G communication network, mobile operators are forced to use a high-frequency spectrum due to the limited amount of channel bandwidth. The 5G boosts the overall performance and enhances user experience offered by the present generation mobile technologies. Some of the most hyped features include higher data-rates, lower end-to-end delays, and minimal energy consumption [1]. In order to meet a common goal, several technologies need to be implemented in a fashion that allows the smooth operation of the overall network as a singular body. Nevertheless, vast technologies and communication...

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Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Future 5G-IoT Millimeter-Wave Network Performance at 38 GHz for Urban Microcell Outdoor Environment

et al. 2019

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“…The authors in [91] have discussed the RRM shortcomings of the currently utilized CA technique. The issues persist with the CC selection and Resource Block (RB) allocation of selected CCs, as mentioned in 4G standards.…”

Section: Resource Sharingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Issues, Challenges, and Research Trends in Spectrum Management: A Comprehensive Overview and New Vision for Designing 6G Networks

et al. 2020

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With an extensive growth in user demand for high throughput, large capacity, and low latency, the ongoing deployment of Fifth-Generation (5G) systems is continuously exposing the inherent limitations of the system, as compared with its original premises. Such limitations are encouraging researchers worldwide to focus on next-generation 6G wireless systems, which are expected to address the constraints. To meet the above demands, future radio network architecture should be effectively designed to utilize its maximum radio spectrum capacity. It must simultaneously utilize various new techniques and technologies, such as Carrier Aggregation (CA), Cognitive Radio (CR), and small cell-based Heterogeneous Networks (HetNet), high-spectrum access (mmWave), and Massive Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (M-MIMO), to achieve the desired results. However, the concurrent operations of these techniques in current 5G cellular networks create several spectrum management issues; thus, a comprehensive overview of these emerging technologies is presented in detail in this study. Then, the problems involved in the concurrent operations of various technologies for the spectrum management of the current 5G network are highlighted. The study aims to provide a detailed review of cooperative communication among all the techniques and potential problems associated with the spectrum management that has been addressed with the possible solutions proposed by the latest researches. Future research challenges are also discussed to highlight the necessary steps that can help achieve the desired objectives for designing 6G wireless networks.

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“…Furthermore, authors in [18] formulated the packet scheduling problem under Markov Decision Process (MDP) and introduced a value iteration algorithm to improve throughput on RT traffic. Besides, authors in [19] leveraged the carrier aggregation concept to improve the system throughput, whereby users are assigned to component carriers based on their channel gains.…”

Section: Throughput-driven Schedulersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delay-based and QoS-aware packet scheduling for RT and NRT multimedia services in LTE downlink systems

Madi

Hanapi

Othman

et al. 2018

J Wireless Com Network

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Guaranteeing Quality of Service (QoS) for heterogeneous traffic is a major challenge in the Fourth Generation (4G) mobile networks. Therein, the absence of sophisticated resources allocation process at the base station jeopardizes QoS in terms of latency data transfer. It has been observed from the literature that low delay bounds might be ensured, however, at the expense of other QoS aspects; for example, throughput and data loss. Therefore, in this article, we propose an effective Delay-based and QoS-Aware Scheduling (DQAS) scheme with a low complexity overhead as an efficient solution for the resource allocation issue in LTE Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. The ultimate aim of DQAS is to minimize delay for Real-Time (RT) traffic while still offering a good level of QoS. Complying with QoS of different traffic types, we effectively analyze the queue buffer of each user flow by developing an algorithm called Efficient Delay Control (EDC) that weights each flow priority in terms of delay. Then, this weight is utilized as a principle for the scheduling decision on the attending flows. Furthermore, the Least Delay Increase (LDI) algorithm is developed to tune the scheduler behavior to maintain a balance between delay and system throughput. Simulation results considering different user mobility levels reveal that DQAS significantly guarantees a low end-to-end delay trend that is independent of increased RT load, and moreover, a reasonable throughput and data drop levels compared to other existing schedulers.

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An Improved Radio Resource Management with Carrier Aggregation in LTE Advanced

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

Investigation of Future 5G-IoT Millimeter-Wave Network Performance at 38 GHz for Urban Microcell Outdoor Environment

Investigation of Future 5G-IoT Millimeter-Wave Network Performance at 38 GHz for Urban Microcell Outdoor Environment

Issues, Challenges, and Research Trends in Spectrum Management: A Comprehensive Overview and New Vision for Designing 6G Networks

Delay-based and QoS-aware packet scheduling for RT and NRT multimedia services in LTE downlink systems

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