An improved method to determine the biological activity (LC50) of the granulovirus PoGV in its host Phthorimaea operculella

Sporleder, M.; Kroschel, J.; Huber, Jürg; Lagnaoui, Aziz

doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.2005.00319.x

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…The virus was propagated through submersion of surface-perforated tubers (tuber-dip method) and through submersion of sheet of paper containing eggs (egg-dip method) into a virus suspension for 2 and 1 min, respectively, to promote contamination (Reed and Springett 1971;Sporleder et al 2005). Virus suspension was made of ten last-instar infected larvae per litre of water with 0.1% Tween Ò 20 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate) (Oxiteno S/A, São Paulo, Brazil), according to the protocol of CIP (International Potato Center 1992).…”

Section: Insect Origin and Virus Isolatementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of a granulovirus isolate to control Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Mascarin¹,

Alves²,

Rampelotti-Ferreira³

et al. 2010

BioControl

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In this study a Brazilian granulovirus strain, PhopGV, isolated from the potato tuber moth (PTM) Phthorimaea operculella, was investigated regarding its potential for biological control and in vivo production. The relationship between mortality of P. operculella larvae and virus concentration was determined at different temperatures on potato tubers and susceptibility of P. operculella to PhopGV was also determined on potato leaves. Virulence of PhopGV to P. operculella was not affected by temperatures from 18 to 30°C. The median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of larvae fed on potato foliage treated with PhopGV was not higher than that verified with larvae fed on treated tubers. Optimal conditions for production of virus-infected larvae were obtained by using the virus suspensions of 41 9 10 5 , 6.3 9 10 5 and 62 9 10 5 OBs ml -1 at 18, 24 and 30°C, which resulted in 32.0, 31.4 and 34.8% of infected larvae collected, respectively. The maximum percentage of infected larvae recovered from tubers was not affected by temperature. However, time for production of virusinfected larvae was longer at 18°C and shorter at 30°C. Persistence of PhopGV was determined on stored tubers and we observed that the virus remained effective for at least two months, causing up to 84.2% mortality of P. operculella at 1 9 10 7 OBs ml -1 . The pathogen was also highly virulent to tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta, inflicting high percentage of mortality, delaying larval growth and inhibiting pupation. This Brazilian PhopGV strain has potential to control PTM larvae on potato tubers at a broad range of temperature and can be produced in vivo using virus-treated tubers.

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Section: Insect Origin and Virus Isolatementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of a granulovirus isolate to control Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Mascarin¹,

Alves²,

Rampelotti-Ferreira³

et al. 2010

BioControl

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“…To describe the nematicidal effects of the compounds against B. xylophilus, the median lethal concentrations (LC 50 ) were calculated according to probit analysis (Sporleder et al, 2005). Regression analyses were also carried out by SPSS for linear model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening and isolation of antinematodal metabolites againstBursaphelenchus xylophilus produced by fungi

et al. 2008

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Sixty crude cultural filtrates of thirty fresh water fungi individually grown in both Potato Dextrose broth and GPC broth were assayed in vitro for antinematodal activity against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner et Buhrer) Nickle using immersion test. Filtrates from Camposporium quercicola YMF1.01300, Periconia digitata YMF1.00948, Caryospora callicarpa YMF1.01026 grown in both PDB and GPC broth, and the cultural filtrate of Melanospora zamiae YMF1.00948 grown in PDB were found to be pathogenic to the tested nematodes. The degree of activity varied with the fungal species, length of exposure time, and media composition. From a nematicidal cultural extract of Caryospora callicarpa YMF1.01026, four known naphthalenones were isolated and identified as 4,8-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (1), 4,6-dihydroxy -3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (2), 4,6,8-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one) (3), 3,4,6,8-tetrahydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (cis-4-hydroxyscytalone) (4) by NMR and MS analysis. All four metabolites showed noticeable biological activity against B. xylophilus nematode. This is the first published report of these compounds affecting plant-parasitic nematodes.

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“…However, microbial control of P. operculella is not yet developed for massive commercial use although some authors have indicated the potential use of those pathogens in the future (Lacey and Arthurs 2005;Arthurs et al 2008). In fact, some small scale tuberworm control by microbes has been already used successfully (Kroschel et al 1996a, b;Sporleder et al 2001Sporleder et al , 2005Sporleder 2003).…”

Section: Parasitoids and Predatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Timing of virus applications (Briese 1981;Briese and Mende 1981). Timing of virus applications (Reed 1971;Reed and Springett 1971), methods of application, concentration, and ultraviolet radiation can influence effectiveness of control (Kroschel et al 1996a, b;Sporleder et al 2001Sporleder et al , 2005Sporleder 2003).…”

Section: Parasitoids and Predatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potato Tuberworm: A Literature Review of Its Biology, Ecology, and Control

2010

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The potato tuberworm, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), is a worldwide pest of solanaceous crops especially devastating to potatoes. Adults mate and lay eggs in foliage or tubers throughout the growing season, preferring foliage over tubers. When foliage has naturally or artificially senesced and/or tubers are accessible, they deposit eggs in or near the eye buds. The larvae mine leaves, stems, and petioles causing irregular galleries, and excavate tunnels through tubers. Foliar damage to the potato crop usually does not result in significant yield losses but infested tubers may have reduced marketability and losses in storage may be up to 100% especially in non-refrigerated systems. The greatest risk of tuber damage occurs immediately before harvest while the crop is left in the field prior to digging; additional damage may occur in storage, if conditions are not maintained properly. Potatoes that are left in the field for any length of time can become infested. The pest is difficult to control and growers rely extensively on the use of insecticides and a variety of cultural practices. After harvest, the insect may continue to develop on tubers or volunteer plants remaining in the field as well as on other solanaceous plants. Incorporation of host plant resistance together with insecticides and appropriate biological and cultural practices may provide the best management options. This review addresses P. operculella bionomics, including origins, distribution, host range, life cycle and life stage behavior; seasonal dynamics; abiotic factors; cultural, biological, and chemical control methods; and host plant resistance.Resumen La palomilla de la papa Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) es una plaga importante de cultivos de solanáceas en todo el mundo pero especialmente devastadora para la papa. Los adultos se aparean y ponen huevecillos en follaje o en tubérculo a lo largo del ciclo de cultivo, con preferencia de follaje sobre los tubérculos. Cuando el follaje senesce natural o artificialmente y/o los tubérculos están accesibles, las polillas depositan sus huevos en o cerca de los ojos de las yemas. Las larvas hacen minas en las hojas, los tallos y en peciolos causando galerías irregulares, y excavan túneles en los tubérculos. El daño al follaje del cultivo usualmente no resulta en pérdidas significativas de rendimiento, pero los tubérculos infestados pueden tener una reducción en el mercado y las pérdidas en el almacén pueden llegar hasta el 100% especialmente en sistemas no refrigerados. El mayor riesgo de daño en los tubérculos se presenta inmediatamente antes de la cosecha mientras el cultivo está en el campo antes de ser cosechado y transportado. Se puede presentar daño adicional en el almacén si las condiciones no se mantienen apropiadamente. Las papas que se quedan en el campo por tiempo prolongado pueden ser infestados. La plaga es difícil de controlar y los productores confían extensivamente en el uso de insecticidas y en una variedad de prácticas culturales. Después de la cosecha, el insecto pue...

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An improved method to determine the biological activity (LC₅₀) of the granulovirus PoGV in its host Phthorimaea operculella

Cited by 25 publications

References 17 publications

Potential of a granulovirus isolate to control Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Potential of a granulovirus isolate to control Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Screening and isolation of antinematodal metabolites againstBursaphelenchus xylophilus produced by fungi

The Potato Tuberworm: A Literature Review of Its Biology, Ecology, and Control

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