An immunoregulatory role of dendritic cell-derived exosomes versus HIV-1 infection: take it easy but be warned

Chistiakov, Dimitry A.; Grechko, Andrey V.; Orekhov, Alexander N.; Bobryshev, Yuri V.

doi:10.21037/atm.2017.06.34

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…In particular, EXOs are characterized by a defined content of proteins, RNAs, and microRNAs that are released into target cells and have the potential to modulate several pathological scenarios, including the maintenance of tumor microenvironment [19]. In DCs, the role of exosomes in cellular and humoral immune activation is well recognized, while less is known for the role of MVs [20][21][22]. The significance of IGFBP-6 associated with EVs in immune regulation will be the focus of further studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 6 Is Secreted in Extracellular Vesicles upon Hyperthermia and Oxidative Stress in Dendritic Cells But Not in Monocytes

Conese

Pace

Pignataro

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Recently, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 (IGFBP-6) has been shown to play a putative role in the immune system, as monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs) are stimulated by hyperthermia to express IGFBP-6 at both the mRNA and protein levels. However, the presence of IGFBP-6 in extracellular vesicles (EVs) and whether other pro-inflammatory stimuli can induce IGFBP-6 expression in Mo-DCs are not known yet. In this brief report, we show that hyperthermia (39 °C) induces IGFBP-6 secretion associated with microvesicles and exosomes as early as 3 h. Moreover, free IGFBP-6 is found in conditioned media (CM) of hyperthermia- and H2O2-treated Mo-DCs, but not in CM obtained from monocytes similarly treated. These results show that diverse inflammatory stimuli can induce IGFBP-6 association with EVs and secretion in conditioned medium, indicating a role for IGFBP-6 in communication between immune cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 6 Is Secreted in Extracellular Vesicles upon Hyperthermia and Oxidative Stress in Dendritic Cells But Not in Monocytes

Conese

Pace

Pignataro

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…All of the above processes allow HIV to inhibit the antiviral effects of type I IFN by inhibiting Vif-mediated STAT1 and STAT3, which consequently reduces the induction of the ISG-15 protein by IFN-α. Multiple mechanisms, which may be cell-specific, may explain the therapeutic failure of type I IFN in the course of HIV infection [ 201 , 202 , 203 ]. In addition, HIV can block the induction of type II and III IFNs in human dendritic cells and macrophages as a result of inhibition of the phosphorylation process of TANK1 binding kinase (TBK1) [ 204 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Role of Interferons in Viral and Bacterial Infections

Mertowska

Smolak

Mertowski

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Interferons are a group of immunomodulatory substances produced by the human immune system in response to the presence of pathogens, especially during viral and bacterial infections. Their remarkably diverse mechanisms of action help the immune system fight infections by activating hundreds of genes involved in signal transduction pathways. In this review, we focus on discussing the interplay between the IFN system and seven medically important and challenging viruses (herpes simplex virus (HSV), influenza, hepatitis C virus (HCV), lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), and SARS-CoV coronavirus) to highlight the diversity of viral strategies. In addition, the available data also suggest that IFNs play an important role in the course of bacterial infections. Research is currently underway to identify and elucidate the exact role of specific genes and effector pathways in generating the antimicrobial response mediated by IFNs. Despite the numerous studies on the role of interferons in antimicrobial responses, many interdisciplinary studies are still needed to understand and optimize their use in personalized therapeutics.

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“…This leads to activation mediated by gp120 and lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) that initiates signal transduction by inducing T-cell entrapment and activation ( 32 , 33 ). The interaction between DCs and T cells allows trapped HIV-1 particles to reach target T cells in a manner similar to that established in DCs, wherein DCs can capture ganglioside-rich exosomes ( 34 ). It has been shown that increasing numbers of viruses can bind directly to integrins ( 35 ).…”

Section: Spread Of Virus In the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Approaches to Dendritic Cell-Based Therapeutic Vaccines Against HIV-1 Infection

Espinar-Buitrago

Muñoz‐Fernández

2022

Front. Immunol.

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Due to the success of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in recent years, the pathological outcome of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection has improved substantially, achieving undetectable viral loads in most cases. Nevertheless, the presence of a viral reservoir formed by latently infected cells results in patients having to maintain treatment for life. In the absence of effective eradication strategies against HIV-1, research efforts are focused on obtaining a cure. One of these approaches is the creation of therapeutic vaccines. In this sense, the most promising one up to now is based on the establishing of the immunological synapse between dendritic cells (DCs) and T lymphocytes (TL). DCs are one of the first cells of the immune system to encounter HIV-1 by acting as antigen presenting cells, bringing about the interaction between innate and adaptive immune responses mediated by TL. Furthermore, TL are the end effector, and their response capacity is essential in the adaptive elimination of cells infected by pathogens. In this review, we summarize the knowledge of the interaction between DCs with TL, as well as the characterization of the specific T-cell response against HIV-1 infection. The use of nanotechnology in the design and improvement of vaccines based on DCs has been researched and presented here with a special emphasis.

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An immunoregulatory role of dendritic cell-derived exosomes versus HIV-1 infection: take it easy but be warned

Cited by 5 publications

References 62 publications

Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 6 Is Secreted in Extracellular Vesicles upon Hyperthermia and Oxidative Stress in Dendritic Cells But Not in Monocytes

Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 6 Is Secreted in Extracellular Vesicles upon Hyperthermia and Oxidative Stress in Dendritic Cells But Not in Monocytes

Immunomodulatory Role of Interferons in Viral and Bacterial Infections

New Approaches to Dendritic Cell-Based Therapeutic Vaccines Against HIV-1 Infection

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