An immobilized cholinesterase product for use in the rapid detection of enzyme inhibitors in air or water

Goodson, Louis H.; Jacobs, William B.; Davis, A. W.

doi:10.1016/0003-2697(73)90489-2

Cited by 34 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…A method for the immobilisation of cholinesterase comprising capture of an enzyme into a starch gel followed by impregnation of the gel into the PUF matrix has been proposed. 253 An analytical system in which an enzymic minireactor is combined with an electrochemical sensor within one unit has been developed 254 to determine toxic substances of the anticholinesterase action (for example, insecticides) in air and in liquid media. As the air or solution sample under analysis is pumped through the minireactor, the inhibitor is collected on the immobilised enzyme and inhibits it.…”

Section: Enzymic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyurethane foams in chemical analysis: sorption of various substances and its analytical applications

Дмитриенко¹,

Zolotov²

2002

Russ. Chem. Rev.

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Section: Enzymic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyurethane foams in chemical analysis: sorption of various substances and its analytical applications

Дмитриенко¹,

Zolotov²

2002

Russ. Chem. Rev.

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“…The reaction is catalyzed by mixed oxidases whose activity in human beings is much lower, For this reason, such pesticides referred to as the ''second generation of insecticides'' are much safer for agricultural workers and do not cause the persistence of pests. In laboratory experiments, thionic pesticides (Goodson et al 1973) Thiocholine/iodide Thermal lens spectroscopy 5,5-dithio-bis-2-nitrobenzoic acid (Pogacnik and Franko 1999) 5-thio-2-nitrobenzoate Fluorescence spectroscopy…”

Section: From Chemical Weapons Toward Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Does It Work? Case Studies

Evtugyn

2013

Lecture Notes in Chemistry

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In this chapter, we deal mainly with the aspects of biosensor development related to specific areas of their application. It is definitely clear that biosensors that perform well in the laboratory can be utterly inappropriate outside the university walls. The gap between the laboratory pattern and a commercial product is intuitively understandable. The end-users want to receive a device that is robust, costeffective, simple to operate, and as sensitive as required for its purpose. As regards biosensors, the following aspects are imperative for the various stages of commercialization:• Stability of the biological component. The satisfactory working period estimated from the stability of the calibration parameters begins after six months. This is a rather mild estimate accepted by the medical services that are used to maintaining the unstable biochemicals that are necessary for conventional bioassays. In other areas, e.g., industry or environmental monitoring, the requirements can be stricter.• Operation/functioning convenience. To some extent, this is implied from the previous statements. A limited period of operation simply means the replacement of the sensing elements performed by an unqualified staff or an inexperienced buyer. In addition, mass production is hardly compatible with a complicated, multi-stage protocol of measurement. The simpler (faster, cheaper), the better. The producer should take into account that the customer might not be familiar with the specific conditions of biochemical reactions and will make very simple mistakes that a biochemist can't possibly make (buffers, order of reagents addition, temperature regime, etc.).• Analytical characteristics and metrology. The more complicated the sensor, the more difficult to establish the expected accuracy of the measurement. Concerning real samples assay, the main problems are focused on selectivity and signal drift. The biochemical recognition is sensitive enough to compete with most of the conventional instrumentation techniques, and this is one of the undisputable benefits always mentioned in research related to biosensor development. However, in real sample testing, the selectivity of the transducer can seriously limit the prospects of biochemical recognition. Careful consideration G. Evtugyn, Biosensors: Essentials, Lecture Notes in Chemistry 84,

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“…Under field conditions, it is especially convenient to use biosensors with disposable membranes which can easily be replaced in the case of enzyme inactivation. Disposable membranes are prepared on the basis of inert carriers, such as nylon, 122,125,145,165,166 paper and various cellulose derivatives, 40,93,96,104,105,124,167,168 aluminium hydroxide, 164,169 industrially manufactured membranes (for dialysis and immunoblotting) or carriers for affinity chromatography. 122,140,141 The largest losses (up to 99% of the original ChE activity) were observed upon cross-linking of enzyme globules with aqueous solutions of glutaraldehyde on inert carriers, which do not react with the cross-linking reagent, 124 such as cellulose trinitrate or paper.…”

Section: Cholinesterase-based Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%