“…However, the shock tube device has been successfully applied to our previous low-to-high temperature ignition research work. 40–44 Among them, Yang et al got the ignition delays of ethylene/air in shock tube spanned a wide temperature range from 721 K to 1320 K. 43 The experiments on stoichiometric n -heptane/air mixtures were carried out at pressures of 2 and 10 atm, and temperatures of 700–1400 K. 44 The ignition data has been compared with the experimental results of Ciezki et al 45 and Heufer et al 46 to prove the reliability of the experimental facility. The experimental details have been introduced in the previous literature, thus only a brief description is given in this section.…”
The model developed in this work provides a better understanding for the combustion chemistry of cyclohexene. Flux analysis gives the change of main reaction pathways under wide temperatures and different pressures.
“…However, the shock tube device has been successfully applied to our previous low-to-high temperature ignition research work. 40–44 Among them, Yang et al got the ignition delays of ethylene/air in shock tube spanned a wide temperature range from 721 K to 1320 K. 43 The experiments on stoichiometric n -heptane/air mixtures were carried out at pressures of 2 and 10 atm, and temperatures of 700–1400 K. 44 The ignition data has been compared with the experimental results of Ciezki et al 45 and Heufer et al 46 to prove the reliability of the experimental facility. The experimental details have been introduced in the previous literature, thus only a brief description is given in this section.…”
The model developed in this work provides a better understanding for the combustion chemistry of cyclohexene. Flux analysis gives the change of main reaction pathways under wide temperatures and different pressures.
“…Further detailed description on the shock tube can be found in previous publications. 36,37 Fuel mixtures of EG (99% purity), oxygen (99.999% purity) and argon (99.999% purity) were prepared manometrically in a heated mixing tank. To ensure that the test mixture in gas phase, the gas tank was heated and kept to 423 K. Moreover, the mixture was allowed to sit for at least 2 h to guarantee fully mixed before the first ignition experiment.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The shock tube was evacuated below 1.0 Pa using a vacuum system before each experiment. Further detailed description on the shock tube can be found in previous publications. , …”
As one of the simplest polyols with chemical properties of alcohol, ethylene glycol is considered as a renewable energy source and a model fuel for pyrolysis oil. In this work, autoignition characteristics of ethylene glycol have been investigated behind reflected shock waves. Experiments were conducted at pressures of 2, 5, and 10 atm, equivalence ratios of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0, and temperatures ranging from approximately 1200 to 1600 K. The fuel concentration was also varied. Results show that the ignition delay time increases with decreasing the pressure or fuel concentration. A strong positive dependence upon the equivalence ratio was found. A quantitative relationship has been yielded by the regression analysis of the experimental data. Simulations were carried out using chemical kinetic mechanisms available in the literature to assess the reliability of mechanism. Reaction pathway and sensitivity analysis confirmed the importance of H-abstraction reactions in ethylene glycol oxidation process. Finally, a comparison between ethylene glycol and ethanol ignition was conducted. Ethylene glycol ignites faster than ethanol because of the early accumulation of H and OH radicals in the oxidation of ethylene glycol.
“…The addition of trace amounts of NO 2 (500 v/v ppm) enhanced the low-temperature reactivity of n -C 4 H 10 and reduced the ignition delays while weakening the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) behavior of n -C 4 H 10 . Shi et al 21 investigated the effect of NO 2 (0.5, 1%) addition on n -heptane autoignition in a shock tube at 0.2 and 1 MPa, 700–1400 K, and an equivalency ratio of 1. The findings of the experiments showed that the NO 2 effect was temperature- and NO 2 -concentration dependent.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…During this procedure, NO in the EGR gas was converted to NO 2 . Many studies have been conducted to investigate the influence of NO 2 addition on the ignition behavior of various fuels such as hydrogen, methane, − ethane, ,, methane/ethane mixture, ,, dimethyl ether, n -butane, and n -heptane . Mathieu et al used a shock tube (ST) to evaluate the oxidation of hydrogen with three NO 2 concentrations (100, 400, and 1600 v/v ppm) at 0.15, 1.3, and 3 MPa, 850–1700 K, and equivalency ratios of 0.3, 0.5, and 1.0.…”
Nitrogen dioxide (NO
2
) is an active species
of exhaust
gas recirculation gas, and it has a significant impact on the autoignition
and combustion processes of fuels. This study presented a comprehensive
investigation of the effect of NO
2
on the combustion characteristics
of the
n
-butanol/biodiesel dual fuel. Experiments
were conducted on a single-cylinder engine with 0, 100, 200, and 400
v/v ppm NO
2
addition at two fuel injection ratios. The
findings of the experiments indicated that adding NO
2
resulted
in an earlier start of heat release and an increase in peak in-cylinder
pressure as compared to experiments where no NO
2
was added.
The evolutions of
n
-butanol, biodiesel, and OH radicals
were evaluated using the computational fluid dynamics software coupled
with the
n
-butanol–biodiesel–NO
2
mechanism. The results revealed that when 400 v/v ppm NO
2
was added, the consumption of
n
-butanol
and biodiesel occurred earlier, and the formation of OH radicals was
approximately an order of magnitude higher before the biodiesel was
injected. Furthermore, reaction rate and flux analyses were performed
to understand the effect of NO
2
addition on the reaction
process. When NO
2
was added, 35% of the HO
2
radicals
reacted with NO which converted from NO
2
via the reaction
NO + HO
2
⇌ NO
2
+ OH, promoting the formation
of OH radicals in the reaction system. The addition of NO
2
can also enhance the consumption of CH
3
radicals via
the reaction CH
3
+ HO
2
⇌ CH
3
O + OH.
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