An evaluation of positive contrast vaginourethrography as a diagnostic aid in the bitch

Holt, Peter; Gibbs, Christine; Latham, J. P.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1984.tb03427.x

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A radiographic exposure was made during injection as soon as full opacification of the urethral lumen and streaming of contrast medium into a moderately distended urinary bladder 8 were seen. Dogs were placed in dorsal recumbency with their catheters still in place.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marked (ie, diameter less than a third of the vaginal diameter) nondistensible stenosis of the vestibulovaginal junction has been reported in 7 of 23 normal bitches who did not have clinical evidence of urogenital abnormalities in a study that evaluated positive contrast vaginourethrography as an diagnostic aid in the bitch. 8 This finding suggests that what has been called vestibulovaginal stenosis actually may be a normal variation in the dog and may have been an incidental finding in some dogs with lower urinary tract or reproductive disease. It is difficult to assign clinical significance to 1 anatomical defect when several conformational abnormalities or predisposing factors occur in the same patient (eg, pelvic bladder, recessed vulva, sphincter mechanism incompetence, hyperadrenocorticism, diabetes mellitus) with lower urinary tract disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Vestibular, Vaginal, and Urethral Relations in Spayed Dogs with and without Lower Urinary Tract Signs

Wang

Samii

Chew

et al. 2006

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the urogenital anatomy in female spayed dogs with and without signs of lower urinary tract disease by using conventional vaginourethrography, computed tomography (CT) vaginourethrography, and uroendoscopy. Nineteen dogs with lower urinary tract disease and 12 normal dogs were evaluated prospectively. Measurements made included vaginal length, vaginal height, vaginal width, vestibule length, vestibule height, vestibule width, vestibulovaginal ratios, cingulum height, cingulum width, cingulum area, urethral length, urethral height, urethral width, angle of urethra to vestibule, and angle of vaginal to vestibule. Group comparisons were made between dogs with and without lower urinary tract disease. Comparisons between conventional vaginourethrography and CT vaginourethrography were made when the same anatomical measurement was made by the 2 imaging modalities. There was no significant difference in all of the measurements (P . .01), including vestibulovaginal ratios and cingulum areas, between dogs with and without lower urinary tract disease. There was a larger proportion of dogs with a vestibulovaginal ratio ,0.33 in normal dogs (8 of 12) compared with the clinical dogs (8 of 16). A significant difference between vestibulovaginal ratios or cingulum areas between dogs with and without lower urinary tract disease could not be identified. This suggests that a vestibulovaginal ratio of ,0.33 may only be an incidental finding and the term ''vestibulovaginal stenosis'' may need to be redefined.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vestibular, Vaginal, and Urethral Relations in Spayed Dogs with and without Lower Urinary Tract Signs

Wang

Samii

Chew

et al. 2006

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In a study 4 of 22 dogs, the author contended that vestibulovaginal stenosis was the cause of clinical signs that included vulvar dermatitis and urinary incontinence. 1,8 In our study, dogs with vestibulovaginal ratios that indicated severe stenosis (< 0.20) were more likely (P = 0.02) to have unsuccessful treatment than were dogs with ratios > 0.20, regardless of other factors. In another report, 7 it is suggested that stenosis may lead to recurrent UTIs or chronic vaginitis but is probably not an important cause of urinary incontinence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…1,2 Abnormalities diagnosed with this technique include ectopic ureters, diverticuli, pelvic bladder, neoplasia, and vestibulovaginal stenosis. Urinary incontinence, vaginitis, stranguria, and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common conditions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of vestibulovaginal stenosis, pelvic bladder, and recessed vulva on response to treatment for clinical signs of lower urinary tract disease in dogs: 38 cases (1990-1999)

Crawford¹,

Adams²

2002

javma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…12 The vestibulovaginal ratio can then be calculated to determine the severity of the stenosis. As part of the physical examination of female dogs with recurrent urinary tract infections, digital vaginal palpation should be considered to assess for the presence of vestibulovaginal stenosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal resection and anastomosis for treatment of vestibulovaginal stenosis in 4 dogs with recurrent urinary tract infections

Kieves¹,

Novo²,

Martin³

2011

javma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

CASE DESCRIPTION-4 dogs were evaluated because of recurrent urinary tract infections. CLINICAL FINDINGS-All dogs had recurrent urinary tract infections and similar clinical signs; 3 dogs had urinary incontinence. Digital vaginal examination revealed vestibulovaginal stenosis in all dogs, which was confirmed by results of contrast vaginourethrography. From image measurements, the vestibulovaginal ratio (ratio of the height of the vestibulovaginal junction to the maximum height of the vagina on a lateral vaginourethrogram) was calculated for each dog. Three dogs had severe stenosis (vestibulovaginal ratio, < 0.20; severe stenosis is defined as a vestibulovaginal ratio < 0.20), whereas the fourth dog had moderate stenosis (vestibulovaginal ratio, 0.24; ratio range for moderate stenosis is 0.20 to 0.25). TREATMENT AND OUTCOME-All dogs were anesthetized for surgical correction of the vestibulovaginal stenosis. Vaginal resection and anastomosis of the stenosis was performed in all 4 dogs, with 1 dog also undergoing episioplasty. Complete resolution of clinical signs was apparent in 3 dogs; 1 dog had postoperative complications including pollakiuria and stranguria, which resulted in rectal and vaginal prolapse. This dog underwent ovariohysterectomy, after which clinical signs resolved. All dogs had resolution of urinary tract infections at the time of follow-up (6 to 8 months after surgery). CLINICAL RELEVANCE-Resection and anastomosis may resolve recurrent urinary tract infections in dogs with severe or moderate vestibulovaginal stenosis. Episiotomy was not necessary for success of surgical treatment, and overall, that procedure increased morbidity, the severity of intraoperative hemorrhage, and duration of surgery.

show abstract

An evaluation of positive contrast vaginourethrography as a diagnostic aid in the bitch

Cited by 29 publications

References 9 publications

Vestibular, Vaginal, and Urethral Relations in Spayed Dogs with and without Lower Urinary Tract Signs

Vestibular, Vaginal, and Urethral Relations in Spayed Dogs with and without Lower Urinary Tract Signs

Influence of vestibulovaginal stenosis, pelvic bladder, and recessed vulva on response to treatment for clinical signs of lower urinary tract disease in dogs: 38 cases (1990-1999)

Vaginal resection and anastomosis for treatment of vestibulovaginal stenosis in 4 dogs with recurrent urinary tract infections

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About