An evaluation of complementary approaches to elucidate fundamental interfacial phenomena driving adhesion of energetic materials

Hoss, Darby J.; Knepper, Robert; Hotchkiss, Peter J.; Tappan, Alexander S.; Boudouris, Bryan W.; Beaudoin, Stephen P.

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2016.03.024

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The contact angle was determined by the CAM 200 contact angle analyzer (KSV Instruments, Helsinki, Finland), each experiment was carried out three times. The contact angle data can be related to the surface tension of the material through Young’s equation [13,20]:γSV − γSL = γLV·cos(θ) where γSV, γSL and γLV are the solid-vapor, solid-liquid and liquid-vapor interfacial tensions, respectively and θ is Young’s contact angle. While the liquid-vapor surface tension γLV and the contact angle θ are determined directly, the solid-liquid surface tension γSL can be measured by Equation (3).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chemical Compatibility and Adhesion of Energetic Materials with Several Polymers and Binders: An Experimental Study

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The chemical compatibility and the adhesion of energetic materials and additive materials exert a strong influence on the sensitivity, safety and performance of a polymer-bonded explosive (PBX). In this study, the chemical compatibility of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) with several polymers were evaluated using the vacuum stability test (VST) and the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); while the adhesion between RDX or PETN and each binder based on these polymers was determined through interfacial characteristics using contact angle measurement. The experimental results demonstrate that RDX and PETN are compatible with polystyrene (PS), nitrocellulose (NC) and fluoroelastomer (FKM) according to the STANAG 4147. Therefore the two polymers can be used as adhesives in PBX composition. Moreover, based on interfacial characteristics such as interfacial tension and work of adhesion, the adhesion between RDX and each binder was predicted to be better than that of PETN.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chemical Compatibility and Adhesion of Energetic Materials with Several Polymers and Binders: An Experimental Study

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The thermodynamic adhesion work of binders with explosives, defined as the increase in free energy of the system caused by the creation of two new surfaces, is usually estimated by contact angle measurements [11,12]. The adhesive Hamaker constant, which determines the magnitude of the van der Waals interactions between com-ponents, is usually measured by Lifshitz theory, inverse gas chromatography, and contact angle measurements [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Interfacial Micro‐Structures of Explosive‐Binder Composites by Gas Permeation

Liu

2019

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The interface between explosive and binder in plastic‐bonded explosives (PBXs) plays an important role in their properties such as thermal and mechanical stability, and also their performance in detonation processes. However, characterization of their interfacial micro‐structures remains challenging, due to the sensitive nature of the explosive material, and the extremely thin nature of the interface. This work demonstrates a concept of characterizing interfacial structures between explosives and binders by gas permeation. The N2 permeability data of composite films of cyclotetramethylene‐tetranitramine (HMX) particles dispersed in fluororubber binder (copolymers of vinylidene fluoride and chlorotrifluoro‐ethylene, F2311) were tested and fitted by using gas transport mechanism theory, e. g. the Hashemifard‐Ismail‐Matsuura (HIM) model, and the Knudsen diffusion equation. The results indicate the presence of voids of thickness 2.2 nm between HMX and F2311, consistent with the results of neutron reflection and thermal conductivity measurements. These interfacial voids are considered to be related to the surface roughness of HMX particles. This work provides an alternative characterization technique for, as well as a new insight into, the interface between HMX and F2311.

show abstract

“…Surface chemistry influences the interfacial behavior of materials, and resolving the role that surface chemistry plays in adhesion is a critical step towards the rational design of chemically-tailored materials. For example, the improved elucidation of the adhesion behavior of energetic materials will improve munitions formulation and the performance of collection materials (e. g., swabs or traps) used to detect trace explosive residue [1][2][3][4][5]. In particular, the use of specific chemical functional groups at the interface allows for the modulation of the adhesion force, and this key parameter directly impacts the performance and reliability of munitions and collection materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energetic Microparticle Adhesion to Functionalized Surfaces

Hoss

Mukherjee

Boudouris

et al. 2018

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Surface chemistry influences interfacial interactions, and while these interactions have been evaluated in many synthetic and biological systems, they have important but unexplored implications in trace explosives detection. Specifically, the detection of energetic materials is a challenging, urgent goal, and one of the most common means by which this effort is implemented at air transportation checkpoints is using methods based on contact sampling. Elucidating the molecular and interfacial interactions of energetic materials with functionalized surfaces provides fundamental knowledge and also advances the goal of improved materials for trace detection. Here, in order to evaluate the effects of specific functional groups on adhesion, atomic force microscopy (AFM) pull‐off force measurements were performed using nitrate‐based energetic (and non‐energetic) particles against self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of representative chemical functionalities. These SAMs‐on‐gold substrates were selected to evaluate surface chemistry effects due to their reproducibility, facile production, and versatile tunability. In addition to the experimental results, stabilization energies for the optimized most‐stable configurations for a coupled receptor‐analyte system were determined using density functional theory (DFT). From these combined experimental and computational efforts, it is established that the adhesion between detection surfaces and common energetic materials at the macroscopic scales is correlated to the interaction energies at the molecular level. Moreover, the electron deficient nature of nitro‐rich energetic compounds results in stronger interactions with surfaces functionalized with electron‐donating units. Ultimately, these results will facilitate the rational design of energetic particle collection materials through chemical tailoring in order to enhance the detection and defeat of explosive materials.

show abstract

An evaluation of complementary approaches to elucidate fundamental interfacial phenomena driving adhesion of energetic materials

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

The Chemical Compatibility and Adhesion of Energetic Materials with Several Polymers and Binders: An Experimental Study

The Chemical Compatibility and Adhesion of Energetic Materials with Several Polymers and Binders: An Experimental Study

Characterization of Interfacial Micro‐Structures of Explosive‐Binder Composites by Gas Permeation

Energetic Microparticle Adhesion to Functionalized Surfaces

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About