The Chemical Compatibility and Adhesion of Energetic Materials with Several Polymers and Binders: An Experimental Study

Nguyen, Trung Toan; Phan, Duc Nhan; Nguyen, Duy Chinh; Thom, Do Van; Bạch, Long Giang

doi:10.3390/polym10121396

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…The crystals were aggregated in the RDX-CAB-GBL ink due to the presence of the binder whereas the RDX-GBL ink without a binder showed poor printability, with only a small number of crystals being deposited on the substrate because the amount of RDX precursor was less. The addition of the polymeric binder to the formulation increased the printability of the ink because it allowed the explosive crystals to bind together in a matrix [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. During the printing of RDX patterns, the solvent continuously evaporated from the printed RDX patterns to form crystalized RDX patterns.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Route of Printing Explosive Crystalized Micro-Patterns by Using Direct Ink Writing

et al. 2021

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The production of energetic crystalized micro-patterns by using one-step printing has become a recent trend in energetic materials engineering. We report a direct ink writing (DIW) approach in which micro-scale energetic composites composed of 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX) crystals in selected ink formulations of a cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) matrix are produced based on a direct phase transformation from organic, solvent-based, all-liquid ink. Using the formulated RDX ink and the DIW method, we printed crystalized RDX micro-patterns of various sizes and shapes on silicon wafers. The crystalized RDX micro-patterns contained single crystals on pristine Si wafers while the micro-patterns containing dendrite crystals were produced on UV-ozone (UVO)-treated Si wafers. The printing method and the formulated all-liquid ink make up a simple route for designing and printing energetic micro-patterns for micro-electromechanical systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Route of Printing Explosive Crystalized Micro-Patterns by Using Direct Ink Writing

et al. 2021

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“…Recent studies by Elbeih 36 , et al have investigated the explosive properties of several plastic bonded explosives (PBXs) formulations based on cis-1,3,4,6-tetranitrooctahydroimidazo-[4,5-d]imidazole (BCHMX) in comparison with PETN. Interesting relationships have been achieved between the sensitivity and performance of PETN and several nitramines by Zeman 13,37 , et al PETN has shown obvious changes in its characteristics as a result of the interfacial interactions between its crystals and several materials which clarify its importance to perform PBXs [38][39][40] . Nevertheless, there is still scarcity in studying the optimum polymeric matrix to be used with PETN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Different Polymeric Matrices on the Properties of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate

2021

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Six different polymeric matrices were fabricated to reduce the sensitivity of PETN (Pentaerythritol tetranitrate). The polymeric matrices used were individually based on Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) softened by plasticizer, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) softened by oil, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) plasticised by dioctyl adipate (DOA), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyurethane matrix, and Fluorel binder. A computerised plastograph mixer was utilised for producing three polymer-bonded explosives (PETN-NBR, PETN-SBR, and PETN-PDMS) based on the non-aqueous method. A cast-cured method was used to prepare PBX based on polyurethane (PETN-HTPB), while the slurry technique was used to prepare beads of PETN coated by either fluorel binder (PETN-FL) or based on PMMA forming (PETN-PMMA). The heat of combustion and sensitivities were investigated. The velocity of detonation was measured, while the characteristics of the detonation wave were deduced theoretically by the EXPLO 5 (thermodynamic code). The ballistic mortar experiment was performed to determine the explosive strength. By comparing the results, it was found that PDMS has the highest influence on decreasing the impact sensitivity of PETN, while the cast cured PETN-HTPB has the lowest friction sensitivity. On the other side, PETN-FL has the highest detonation parameters with high impact sensitivity. Several relationships were verified and the matching between the measured results with the calculated ones was confirmed.

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“…Like all other high-energy materials, the PBX composition is also an unstable thermodynamic system [10]. Compared to the single explosive such as PETN, the thermal decomposition of PBX is generally more complex because of the incompatible reactions between explosives and the polymeric binders [11][12][13][14], and the safety and performance of PBX sample may change during aging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Analysis of the Thermal Decomposition of Polymer‐Bonded Explosive Based on PETN: Model‐Fitting Method and Isoconversional Method

Nguyen

Phan

Thom

et al. 2020

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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This work investigates kinetics and thermal decomposition behaviors of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) and two polymer-bonded explosive (PBX) samples created from PETN (named as PBX-PN-85 and PBX-PP-85) using the vacuum stability test (VST) and thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) techniques. Both model-free (isoconversional) and model-fitting methods were applied to determine the kinetic parameters of the thermal decomposition. It was found that kinetic parameters obtained by the modified Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose method (using non-isothermal TG/DTG data) were close to those obtained by the isoconversional and model-fitting methods that use isothermal VST data. The activation energy values of thermal decomposition reactions were 125.6–137.1, 137.3–144.9, and 143.9–152.4 kJ·mol−1 for PBX-PN-85, PETN, and PBX-PP-85, respectively. The results demonstrate the negative effect of the nitrocellulose-based binder in reducing the thermal stability of single PETN, while the polystyrene-based binder seemingly shows no adverse influence on the thermal decomposition of PETN in our presented PBX compositions.

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The Chemical Compatibility and Adhesion of Energetic Materials with Several Polymers and Binders: An Experimental Study

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

A Simple Route of Printing Explosive Crystalized Micro-Patterns by Using Direct Ink Writing

A Simple Route of Printing Explosive Crystalized Micro-Patterns by Using Direct Ink Writing

Influence of Different Polymeric Matrices on the Properties of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate

Kinetic Analysis of the Thermal Decomposition of Polymer‐Bonded Explosive Based on PETN: Model‐Fitting Method and Isoconversional Method

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