An evaluation of Clostridium perfringens media

Byrne, Brian; Scannell, Amalia G. M.; Lyng, James G.; Bolton, Declan

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2007.11.001

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…All samples were analysed according to the ISO 7937 Standard (1997) to enumerate Clostridium perfringens. As described by Romero et al (2009a), five dilutions per sample were plated on agar tryptose sulphite supplemented with antibiotic D-cycloserine (Byrne et al, 2008) and then incubated at 37ºC in anaerobic jars. In addition, the 10-fold diluted solution was previously heated to 75ºC for 15 min to estimate the concentration of spores in the samples.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Environmental Hygienementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of early feed restriction on performance and health status in growing rabbits slaughtered at 2 kg live-weight

et al. 2010

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ABSTRACT:The effect of a time-limited access to the feeders (8 h per d from 9:30 to 17:30) on fattening performance and health status was studied in rabbits reared until 2 kg live-weight as typical in the Spanish market. For this purpose, the same diet (10.5 MJ digestible energy/kg, 38.9% neutral detergent fi bre and 18.4% crude protein on dry matter basis) was used over two consecutive trials. A total of 192 growing rabbits (96 in each trial) were weaned at 35 d and assigned to 2 different feeding treatments (continuously fed ad libitum or restricted from 35 until 49 d). In the fi rst trial, feed restriction reduced daily feed intake (94.3 vs. 74.2 g; P<0.001), daily weight gain (43.6 vs. 27.1 g; P<0.001) and impaired feed conversion rate (FCR) (2.28 vs. 2.92, P<0.001) in the fi rst 14 d after weaning. Later on, no feed restriction was applied and a compensatory growth was observed in previously restricted rabbits (44.8 vs. 54.8 g/d; P<0.001). Early restricted rabbits did not reach the Spanish commercial weight (2 kg) at 63 d of age and weighed less than full-fed rabbits (1989 vs. 1888 g; P=0.001). Moreover, feed restriction did not improve FCR in the whole fattening period (2.56 on average). The second trial was extended until 70 d to permit restricted rabbits to attain market weight. However, at that age, live weight of restricted rabbits was also lower than that of rabbits always fed ad libitum (2285 vs. 2101 g; P=0.001). In the fi rst trial, no health problem was recorded (average mortality 1.04%) whereas in the second trial feed restriction allowed both mortality (25.6 vs. 6.34%, P=0.017) and morbidity (41.4 vs. 12.7%, P=0.004) to decrease. The higher number of losses in the second trial made economic FCR differ from scientifi c FCR (3.63 vs. 2.89, on average) in the 35-70 d period. Moreover, morbidity increased heterogeneity of fattening performance. In conclusion, the interest of feed restriction in Spanish fattening rabbit farms is mitigated by the conventional market weight. Nevertheless, in a context with high rates of digestive troubles, a time-limited access to the feeder enhances health status on the farm and could justify the short delay necessary to reach slaughter weight.

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Section: Evaluation Of Environmental Hygienementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of early feed restriction on performance and health status in growing rabbits slaughtered at 2 kg live-weight

et al. 2010

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“…Recently, Byrne et al (2008) conducted an evaluation study on cultural agar media for C. perfringens vegetative cells and spores and also found that Reinforced Clostridial Agar (RCA), similar to DRCM, was a significantly better medium for recovering thermally treated and untreated C. perfringens spores compared with TSC and six other agar media.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TSC method is widely used in food analysis (Byrne et al 2008). Its use for the examination of water, in conjunction with the membrane filtration technique, was proposed and evaluated by Sartory (1986) and Sartory et al (1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of methods for the enumeration of Clostridium perfringens spores in water

Junqueira

Neto²,

Silva

et al. 2012

Water Science and Technology

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Four methods for enumerating Clostridium perfringens spores in water were evaluated: (1) the IMM (Iron Milk Medium) method (MPN); (2) the LS (Lactose Sulfite Broth) method (MPN); (3) the m-CP (membrane filtration Clostridium perfringens Agar) method (membrane filtration); and (4) the TSC (Tryptose Sulfite Cycloserine Agar) method (membrane filtration). The performance of these methods was compared with that of the DRCM (Differential Reinforced Clostridium Medium) method (MPN) as adopted by CETESB (Brazil's Environmental Sanitation Technology Company) for the analysis of C. perfringens spores in water. Statistical analysis was performed according to ISO 17994:2004 (Water Quality - Criteria for Establishing Equivalence between Microbiological Methods). The LS, m-CP, and TSC methods were considered not equivalent to the DRCM method, as they gave significantly lower results. The IMM showed inconclusive results and, according to ISO 17994:2004, analysis of a greater number of samples is needed to draw definitive conclusions comparing IMM and DRCM.

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“…All dilutions (5 dilutions per sample) were plated to determine the populations of the suspensions. The cultural medium used was agar tryptose sulfite added with antibiotic D-cycloserine (Byrne et al, 2008). Agar plates were incubated at 37°C in anaerobic jars with C02-generating envelopes for 18 h. The C. perfringens cells reduced sulfite to sulfide and, in the presence of iron, black colonies developed.…”

Section: Chemical Analysis and Clostridium Perfringens Enumerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of type of grinding of barley and dehydrated alfalfa on performance, digestion, and crude mucin ileal concentration in growing rabbits1

Romero¹,

Nicodemus²,

Rodrı́guez³

et al. 2011

Journal of Animal Science

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The effects of type of grinding of barley and dehydrated alfalfa (DA) were tested in rabbits weaned at 35 d of age with an average BW of 846 ± 93 g. Four nonmedicated diets were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial structure, with type of grinding (coarse grinding with a 4.5-mm screen or fine grinding with a 1.5-mm screen) of barley (TGB) and DA (TGDA) as the main factors. A total of 1,056 mixed-sex rabbits (264 per diet) were fattened until d 63. Most of these rabbits (216 per diet) were housed in pairs and were used only to record mortality rate. Mortality was also recorded for the remaining 192 rabbits, which were housed individually and used to determine growth performance. From this group, 100 rabbits were used to determine digestive traits. Apart from those rabbits, a different group of 88 rabbits (44 housed individually and the remaining 44 housed in pairs) was used in the digestibility trial. All rabbits in this group were used to determine ileal digestibility (13 pools of ileal digesta per diet) and ileal mucin concentration (6 pools of ileal digesta per diet), whereas only the 44 individually housed rabbits were used to assess the fecal digestibility coefficients (11 rabbits per diet). Last, a jejunal sample was excised from 32 of the 44 individually housed rabbits to determine mucosal histology. Treatments did not affect ADG, ADFI, or G:F in the entire fattening period, but in the 49- to 63-d period, the diet containing both finely ground barley and DA reduced ADFI (P=0.08) compared with the other treatments (130 vs. 137 g). Moreover, this diet increased total digestive tract (4.76%, P=0.08) and cecal content (11.3%, P=0.08) weights compared with the other 3 treatments. Pylorus (P=0.09) and mixed digesta (P=0.06) pH, respectively, were reduced from 1.53 and 1.59 to 1.37 and 1.44 when both barley and DA were finely instead of coarsely ground. Grinding both barley and DA coarsely reduced the ileal digestibility of starch (0.899 vs. 0.936, P=0.06), increased (P < 0.01) its ileal flow and content in the feces to 1.66 g/d and 7.42 g/kg of DM, respectively, and led to decreased fecal digestibility (0.932 vs. 0.951, P < 0.01) compared with fine grinding. Coarse DA shortened villi (612 vs. 704 μm, P=0.02), increased crypt depth (121 vs. 92.1 μm, P=0.01), and reduced the villus:crypt ratio (5.08 vs. 7.66, P < 0.01) compared with finely ground DA. Furthermore, the greatest ileal crude mucin (148 vs. 107 g/kg of DMI, P=0.02) and sialic acid (71.7 vs. 61.7 mg/kg of DMI, P=0.04) concentrations were reported in rabbits receiving the diet with both coarsely ground barley and DA. Finally, mortality rate was not influenced by treatments, with an average of 9.64%. In conclusion, the diet containing finely ground barley and coarsely ground DA did not increase the weight of cecal contents, resulting in increased feed intake and leading to increased ileal digestibility and reduced ileal flow of starch.

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An evaluation of Clostridium perfringens media

Cited by 19 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of early feed restriction on performance and health status in growing rabbits slaughtered at 2 kg live-weight

Effect of early feed restriction on performance and health status in growing rabbits slaughtered at 2 kg live-weight

Comparison of methods for the enumeration of Clostridium perfringens spores in water

Effect of type of grinding of barley and dehydrated alfalfa on performance, digestion, and crude mucin ileal concentration in growing rabbits1

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