An emphasis of hydrogen sulfide-cysteine cycle on enhancing the tolerance to chromium stress in Arabidopsis

Fang, Huihui; Liu, Zhiqiang; Jin, Zhuping; Zhang, Liping; Liu, Danmei; Pei, Yanxi

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.03.035

Cited by 98 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…PCS1, PCS2, MT1A, MT1B and MT2B are mainly expressed in roots and regulate PCs and MTs synthesis; the expression of these chelators is generally induced by numerous heavy metal ions424348. Interestingly, the expression of PCS1 and PCS2 was found to be induced by Cys in a very short time, and the expression of MT1A, MT1B and MT2B was induced by H 2 S (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In previous reports, H 2 S and Cys were always studied separately in plant responses to abiotic stress3942. Recently, H 2 S and H 2 S-induced Cys accumulation were reported to be critical in imparting Cr 6+ tolerance in Arabidopsis43. Therefore, the H 2 S and Cys cycle is an important system for regulating H 2 S and Cys functions in heavy metal stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exogenous H 2 S or Cys supplementation only partly restored the root growth, MAD and EL levels, suggesting that H 2 S or Cys alone could not replace the function of the H 2 S and Cys cycle in plant cells. Additionally, the H 2 S and Cys system is also important for stress caused by other heavy metals, such as Cr 6+ ; it was reported that NaHS treatment increases the expression levels of the Cys synthesis-related genes43. However, different heavy metal stress condition lead to the difference genes expression include MTs genes43, thus Cd 2+ and Cr 6+ condition also could lead to the difference MTs genes expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the H 2 S and Cys system is also important for stress caused by other heavy metals, such as Cr 6+ ; it was reported that NaHS treatment increases the expression levels of the Cys synthesis-related genes43. However, different heavy metal stress condition lead to the difference genes expression include MTs genes43, thus Cd 2+ and Cr 6+ condition also could lead to the difference MTs genes expression. The details regarding the mechanism of H 2 S in heavy metal resistance requires further study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurement of ion leakage was determined according to Sairam and Srivastava (2002) with some modifications43. The 7-d-old Arabidopsis seedlings were treated for 5 d on the 1/2 MS agar medium containing different chemicals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogen sulfide - cysteine cycle system enhances cadmium tolerance through alleviating cadmium-induced oxidative stress and ion toxicity in Arabidopsis roots

Jia

Wang

Dou

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

104

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Cadmium (Cd 2+ ) is a common toxic heavy metal ion. We investigated the roles of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and cysteine (Cys) in plant responses to Cd 2+ stress. The expression of H 2 S synthetic genes LCD and DES1 were induced by Cd 2+ within 3 h, and endogenous H 2 S was then rapidly released. H 2 S promoted the expression of Cys synthesis-related genes SAT1 and OASA1, which led to endogenous Cys accumulation. The H 2 S and Cys cycle system was stimulated by Cd 2+ stress, and it maintained high levels in plant cells. H 2 S inhibited the ROS burst by inducing alternative respiration capacity (AP) and antioxidase activity. H 2 S weakened Cd 2+ toxicity by inducing the metallothionein (MTs) genes expression. Cys promoted GSH accumulation and inhibited the ROS burst, and GSH induced the expression of phytochelatin (PCs) genes, counteracting Cd 2+ toxicity. In summary, the H 2 S and Cys cycle system played a key role in plant responses to Cd 2+ stress. The Cd 2+ tolerance was weakened when the cycle system was blocked in lcddes1-1 and oasa1 mutants. This paper is the first to describe the role of the H 2 S and Cys cycle system in Cd 2+ stress and to explore the relevant and specificity mechanisms of H 2 S and Cys in mediating Cd 2+ stress.Cadmium (Cd 2+ ) is a common toxic heavy metal ion in the environment. It greatly affects the growth and development of plants and is harmful to human health through the food chain 1,2 . Because of its carcinogenic properties and its detrimental effects on the growth of organisms, Cd 2+ contamination of agricultural soil has become a critical concern. Preventing reduced growth and accumulation of Cd 2+ in harvested organs of plants growing on Cd 2+ -contaminated soils has become an urgent task as it can contribute to food safety. Thus, it is important to explore plant stress defense mechanisms and to find ways to reduce the Cd 2+ accumulation in grains.As a heavy metal not participating in redox reactions, Cd 2+ can easily dissolve in water and quickly be taken up by plant roots 3,4 . The physiological consequences of Cd 2+ toxicity in plants are chlorosis, stunted growth, and cell death, among others [5][6][7] . At the cellular level, Cd 2+ can alter protein structure and inhibit enzyme activity by binding to sulfhydryl and carbonyl groups and replacing essential co-factors of enzymes [7][8][9] . The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the primary response of plants to Cd 2+ with negative impact on cell function 10 . Further damage can be caused by ROS-independent, secondary mechanisms. Lipid peroxidation is the most deleterious effect caused by Cd 2+ -induced ROS 4 . Malondialdehyde (MDA), one of the decomposition products of lipid peroxidation, can modify active substrates in plant cells, including nucleic acids, proteins and saccharides 11 . To become resistant to Cd 2+ toxicity, plants have developed several strategies, such as inducing the

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%