An electromyographic study of induced and spontaneous muscle cramps

Norris, Forbes H.; Gasteiger, Edgar L.; Chatfield, Paul O.

doi:10.1016/0013-4694(57)90118-9

Cited by 106 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Once cramp was induced in one head of gastrocnemius after a sustained maximal voluntary contraction, the EMG activity in the other head remained silent. These data thus provided an objective measure of the involuntary and localized nature of cramp (Norris et al 1957). R E F E R E N C E S Baldissera F, Cavallari P, Dworzak F. Cramps: a sign of motoneurone bistability in the human patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…A few observations suggest that central or reflex factors are able to modulate cramp-related electrical activity. Voluntary contraction of the antagonist muscle, without stretching the cramped muscle, causes an inconsistent reduction of cramp discharge, suggesting spinal reflex inhibition (Norris et al 1957). The Hoffmann (H) reflex is enhanced after cramp (Ross et al 1976) and transcutaneous nerve stimulation at sites remote from the cramped muscle are reported to relieve severe, long-lasting, and widespread muscle cramp (Mills et al 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reflex Inhibition of Normal Cramp Following Electrical Stimulation of the Muscle Tendon

Khan¹,

Burne²

2007

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflex Inhibition of Normal Cramp Following Electrical Stimulation of the Muscle Tendon

Khan¹,

Burne²

2007

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…The central origin hypothesis supposed their origination at the motoneuron level. 1,2,26,28,29,31,36 Of particular relevance, Baldissera et al 1,2 proposed that a "bistability" of the motoneuron membrane may be at the origin of the cramp discharge and Obi et al 29 showed that when the ulnar nerve was blocked with lidocaine at the elbow, no cramp was induced despite the application of highfrequency electrical stimulation at the wrist.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of a novel neurostimulation method to study involuntary muscle phenomena

Minetto

Botter²,

Ravenni

et al. 2007

Muscle and Nerve

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Experimental methods involving painful electrical stimulation of a peripheral nerve showed the existence of a minimum stimulation frequency capable of inducing cramp, termed "threshold frequency" (TF). Our aim was to test an alternative method to induce fasciculations and cramps electrically. Two daily sessions of electrical stimulation of the abductor hallucis muscle were performed in 19 volunteers on 3 days: stimulation trains of 150 monophasic square pulses (duration 152 s) of increasing frequency (current intensity 30% higher than maximal; frequency of the first trial, 4 pps; recovery between trials, 1 min) were delivered to the main muscle motor point until a cramp developed. Once a cramp was induced the protocol was repeated after 30 min. To verify by electromyography that cramp occurred, a surface electrode array was placed between the motor point and the distal tendon. Ambient and skin temperature were kept constant in all sessions. Fasciculations and cramps were elicited in all subjects. We observed the following median (interquartile range) values of TF: day 1 (session 1), 13 (6) pps; day 1 (session 2), 16 (4) pps; day 2 (session 1), 16 (6) pps; day 2 (session 2), 18 (6) pps; day 3 (session 1), 17 (4) pps; day 3 (session 2), 18 (8) pps. TF intersession intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.82, 0.92, and 0.90 for days 1, 2, and 3, respectively. TF interday intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.85. The absence of pain due to the stimulation and the demonstration of TF reliability support the use of our method for the study of involuntary muscle phenomena.

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“…espite estimates by some researchers that exerciseassociated muscle cramps (EAMCs) affect up to 95% of the general population, 1 their cause remains unknown. The dehydration/electrolyte imbalance theory is a popular explanation for the cause of EAMCs 2 and postulates that fluid and ion shifts from the extracellular space result in EAMCs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Plasma Potassium Concentration and Content Changes After Banana Ingestion in Exercised Men

Miller

2012

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Individuals prone to exercise-associated muscle cramps (EAMCs) are instructed to eat bananas because of their high potassium (K ] p was greater at 60 minutes than at À3 and 5 minutes in the 1-serving condition and was greater at 30 and 60 minutes than at À3 and 5 minutes in the 2-servings condition (P , .05). Percentage change in K þ content was greater only at 30 and 60 minutes postingestion than at baseline in the 2-servings condition (4.4% 6 3.7% and 5.8% 6 2.3% increase, respectively) (P , .05). The plasma volume changes among conditions were unremarkable. The [glucose] p was greater in the 2-servings condition than in all other conditions at 15, 30, and 60 minutes (P , .05).Conclusions:

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An electromyographic study of induced and spontaneous muscle cramps

Cited by 106 publications

References 23 publications

Reflex Inhibition of Normal Cramp Following Electrical Stimulation of the Muscle Tendon

Reflex Inhibition of Normal Cramp Following Electrical Stimulation of the Muscle Tendon

Reliability of a novel neurostimulation method to study involuntary muscle phenomena

Plasma Potassium Concentration and Content Changes After Banana Ingestion in Exercised Men

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