Reflex Inhibition of Normal Cramp Following Electrical Stimulation of the Muscle Tendon

Abstract

Khan SI, Burne JA. Reflex inhibition of normal cramp following electrical stimulation of the muscle tendon.

Strengthening and Neuromuscular Reeducation of the Gluteus Maximus in a Triathlete with Exercise-Associated Cramping of the Hamstrings

“…2,14,30 Upon evaluation, our patient had moderately limited hamstring length, which suggests that this muscle group was more susceptible to cramping. Interestingly, hamstring length increased, despite no increase in his minimal stretching routine.…”

Neural Mechanisms of Muscle Cramp

“…The former is the classical approach and is widely available since it does not required a special apparatus to induce cramps (Khan and Burne 2007;Nakagawa et al 2013;Norris et al 1957;Roeleveld et al 2000;Ross and Thomas 1995;Ohno and Nosaka 2004;Goodman and Zwetsloot 2013). Although maximal contraction is required of subjects in most studies, the target muscle differs across studies.…”

“…Mills et al 1982; Baldissera et al 1994;Khan and Burne 2007). In a case report Mills et al (1982) noted that transcutaneous nerve stimulation over the calf muscle (by which afferent signals affect spinal neural activity) could abort cramps in a patient who suffered from severe muscle cramps.…”

“…In addition, the finding that taps and continuous vibration to the Achilles tendon also could induce the cramp (Baldissera et al 1994) indicates that the afferent signals may also influence cramps. Moreover, Khan and Burne (2007) observed that EMG activity during cramp of calf muscle was inhibited by the electrical stimulation applied to the Achilles tendon. The intensity and timing of the disappearance of the EMG activity were similar to those of voluntary contractions seen in the same muscle at similar background EMG levels.…”

Electrolyte and Plasma Responses After Pickle Juice, Mustard, and Deionized Water Ingestion in Dehydrated Humans

“…4 The dehydration and electrolyte theory speculates EAMCs result from increased pressure on select nerve terminals due to fluid shifting out of the interstitium. 5 Whereas this theory has been challenged in cohort [6][7][8] and experimental studies, 9,10 most ATs focus on fluid and electrolyte replacement when treating EAMCs. 4 Some ATs have experimented with anecdotal remedies, such as ingestion of pickle juice (PJ; a salty, acidic brine used in pickling cucumbers) or mustard, for EAMCs.…”