An effective ratiometric electrochemical sensor for highly selective and reproducible detection of ochratoxin A: Use of magnetic field improved molecularly imprinted polymer

Molecularly imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensors for food contaminants determination

“…There are a few modes of potential modulation, e.g., linear scanning with time, non-linear modulating with a pulse or sinusoidal excitation, etc. Depending on the type of potential agitation, voltammetric techniques fall into the category of cyclic voltammetry (CV) [20,30,31], linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) [22], differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) [32,33,37,38,43], square-wave voltammetry (SWV) [34,35,44], anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) [23], etc. Particularly, the DPV technique has recently gained enormous attention as it offers a high signal-to-noise ratio and, hence, a sensitivity higher than other techniques [45].…”

“…Moreover, to simplify sample pretreatment and to avoid adding a redox marker to the solution, self-reporting MIP films with ferrocene containing monomer [43], polypyrrole/(zinc porphyrin) composite (PPy-ZnP) [38], or flavin mononucleotide decorated nanotubes [44], build into their structure were deposited on electrodes. This way, the redox process of this immobilized probe was sensitive to the conductivity of the MIP film.…”

“…Therefore, recorded currents originating from this self-reporting MIP significantly dropped because of analyte binding to the MIP imprinted cavities [43]. These chemosensors were successfully applied for p-synephrine [43] and mycotoxins [38,44] determination in dietary supplements [43], alcohol drinks [44], and maize [38].…”

“…Hu et al fabricated an ochratoxin A, OTA, (OTA)-templated MIP using the magnetic field-guided functional monomer alignment simultaneous to promote template complexation on an electrode surface (Scheme 4a). The electrode was firstly decorated with a composite material, namely, (carbon nanotube)/(molybdenum disulfide) (MoS 2 )/sodium salt of flavin mononucleotide composite bearing poly(ionic liquid) (pIL) and AuNPs [44]. Then the magnets were placed under the electrochemical cell to orient monomer molecules during electropolymerization, thus resulting in an ordered polymer with uniform imprinting sites.…”

Dual-Mode Electrochemical Competitive Immunosensor Based on Cd2+/Au/Polydopamine/Ti3C2 Composite and Copper-Based Metal–Organic Framework for 17β-Estradiol Detection

“…A bare glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was polished and cleaned as in the previous literature. 34 The Cd 2+ /Au/pDA/Ti 3 C 2 suspension (5 μL, 1 mg mL −1 ) was dropped onto the GCE and dried at room temperature. Then, 5 μL of E2-Ab (1 μg mL −1 ) was added and incubated at 4 °C overnight.…”