An Assessment of Japanese Carbon Tax Reform Using the E3MG Econometric Model

Lee, Soocheol; Ueta, Kazuhiro

doi:10.1100/2012/835917

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Activity of SOD or CAT was significantly higher in elderly hypertensives [ 356 ] and T2D [ 360 , 361 , 368 ] when compared with healthy controls. Increased SOD activity has been reported also in coronary artery disease patients [ 369 ] and in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome [ 370 ]. In patients with Crohn's disease, SOD and GPX increase during the active phase and return to normal during the remission phase [ 371 ].…”

Section: Redox Proteomic and Markers Based On Cysteine And Redox Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simultaneously with increased MDA levels, significantly higher activities or levels of SOD and/or CAT were found [ 358 , 359 , 363 , 368 ]. Some studies reported unchanged or decreased CAT and/or GPX and elevated SOD and lipoperoxidation markers in T2D [ 360 , 361 , 412 ] and CVD [ 369 , 421 ]. The balance between SOD and CAT and/or GPX dictates H 2 O 2 levels that may potentially react with reduced metals.…”

Section: Measuring the Nonenzymatic Antioxidant Capacity In Body Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

Marrocco

Altieri

Peluso

2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

619

500

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Oxidative stress is the result of the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. Biomarkers of oxidative stress are relevant in the evaluation of the disease status and of the health-enhancing effects of antioxidants. We aim to discuss the major methodological bias of methods used for the evaluation of oxidative stress in humans. There is a lack of consensus concerning the validation, standardization, and reproducibility of methods for the measurement of the following: (1) ROS in leukocytes and platelets by flow cytometry, (2) markers based on ROS-induced modifications of lipids, DNA, and proteins, (3) enzymatic players of redox status, and (4) total antioxidant capacity of human body fluids. It has been suggested that the bias of each method could be overcome by using indexes of oxidative stress that include more than one marker. However, the choice of the markers considered in the global index should be dictated by the aim of the study and its design, as well as by the clinical relevance in the selected subjects. In conclusion, the clinical significance of biomarkers of oxidative stress in humans must come from a critical analysis of the markers that should give an overall index of redox status in particular conditions.

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Section: Redox Proteomic and Markers Based On Cysteine And Redox Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measuring the Nonenzymatic Antioxidant Capacity In Body Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

Marrocco

Altieri

Peluso

2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

619

500

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“…Regarding the partial affirmation or negative attitude toward the effect of an environmental tax on emission reduction, the main research objects are concentrated in a single country or in the European Union and OECD as a whole [25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. In questioning the effect of specific environmental taxes on emission reduction, Lee et al found that Japanese carbon tax reform had only a small impact on emission levels by using a global macro-econometric model [43]. Fu et al also proved that a vehicle registration tax (VRT) as well as motor taxation exhibited little impact on carbon emissions alone.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Environmental Tax Policy Really Help to Reduce Pollutant Emissions? An Empirical Study of a Panel ARDL Model Based on OECD Countries and China

Ning

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Under the background that environmental tax has increasingly become the main means of environmental governance in various countries, it is particularly important to study the effect of environmental tax on reducing pollutants and then put forward suggestions for building a scientific and rational environmental tax system. The novelty of this paper is the investigation of the pollutant emission reduction effects of environmental taxes in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries and Chinese provinces at the same time, and further comparison of the pollutant emission reduction effects of environmental taxes in OECD and China under different environmental tax collection scales, industrial added value levels, and economic development conditions based on Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag Modelling Approach (ARDL). The data are derived from environmental taxes and pollutants of OECD countries from 1994 to 2016 and Chinese provinces from 2004 to 2016. The results show that from the overall regression results, environmental taxes really help to reduce pollutant emissions, both in OECD countries and China. From the grouping regression results, the OECD countries and Chinese inland provinces with small-scale or medium-level of environmental tax revenue and higher level of economic growth all show better emission reduction effects, while OECD countries with low industrial added value and Chinese inland provinces with high industrial added value have more significant effects on pollutant emission reduction via environmental taxes.

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“…In 2012, Australia introduced a carbon tax of $23 AUD per tonne of emitted CO2 on selected fossil fuels consumption [42]. Likewise, Japan introduced a carbon tax scheme in October 2012, aiming to reduce its greenhouse gas emission by 80% by 2020 [39]. Such regulations aim to eventually reduce emissions in all economic sectors, among which transportation is a main source of emissions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust design of a closed-loop supply chain network for uncertain carbon regulations and random product flows

Gao

Ryan

2014

EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics

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This paper addresses a multi-period capacitated closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) network design problem subject to uncertainties in the demands and returns as well as the potential carbon emission regulations. Two promising regulatory policy settings are considered: namely, (a) a carbon cap and trade system, or (b) a tax on the amount of carbon emissions. A traditional CLSC network design model using stochastic programming is extended to integrate robust optimization to account for regulations of the carbon emissions caused by transportation. We propose a hybrid model to account for both regulatory policies and derive tractable robust counterparts under box and ellipsoidal uncertainty sets. Implications for network configuration, product allocation and transportation configuration are obtained via a detailed case study. We also present computational results that illustrate how the problem formulation under an ellipsoidal uncertainty set allows the decision maker to balance the trade-off between robustness and performance. The proposed method yields solutions that provide protection against the worst-case scenario without being too conservative. Abstract This paper addresses a multi-period capacitated closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) network design problem subject to uncertainties in the demands and returns as well as the potential carbon emission regulations. Two promising regulatory policy settings are considered; namely, (a) a carbon cap and trade system, or (b) a tax on the amount of carbon emissions. A traditional CLSC network design model using stochastic programming is extended to integrate robust optimization to account for regulations of the carbon emissions caused by transportation. We propose a hybrid model to account for both regulatory policies and derive tractable robust counterparts under box and ellipsoidal uncertainty sets. Implications for network configuration, product allocation and transportation configuration are obtained via a detailed case study. We also present computational results that illustrate how the problem formulation under an ellipsoidal uncertainty set allows the decision maker to balance the trade-off between robustness and performance. The proposed method yields solutions that provide protection against the worst case scenario without being too conservative.

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An Assessment of Japanese Carbon Tax Reform Using the E3MG Econometric Model

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

Can Environmental Tax Policy Really Help to Reduce Pollutant Emissions? An Empirical Study of a Panel ARDL Model Based on OECD Countries and China

Robust design of a closed-loop supply chain network for uncertain carbon regulations and random product flows

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