An Analysis of Moisture Sources of Torrential Rainfall Events over Xinjiang, China

Zhou, Yuepeng; Xie, Zhengguang; Liu, Xin

doi:10.1175/jhm-d-19-0010.1

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…It should be reminded that the above conclusions are obtained from the climatological long‐term mean. In fact, the extreme precipitation has a high proportion in Xinjiang (Yang et al ., 2011), in which the distribution of moisture sources is different (e.g., Huang et al ., 2017; Zhou et al ., 2019). Furthermore, the proportions of moisture contribution from source regions vary with the subregions in Xinjiang where extreme precipitation events occur (Zhou et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, the extreme precipitation has a high proportion in Xinjiang (Yang et al ., 2011), in which the distribution of moisture sources is different (e.g., Huang et al ., 2017; Zhou et al ., 2019). Furthermore, the proportions of moisture contribution from source regions vary with the subregions in Xinjiang where extreme precipitation events occur (Zhou et al ., 2019). From the perspective of long‐term mean, the moisture source regions and associated transport paths for extreme precipitation over Xinjiang need to be specifically investigated.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the Lagrangian simulation has been applied to investigate global (e.g., Stohl and James, 2004, 2005; Gimeno et al ., 2010, 2012) and regional moisture transport processes (e.g., Stohl and James, 2004, 2005; Sodemann et al ., 2008; Viste and Sorteberg, 2013). Much effort has been taken to address the water vapour sources for China and its subregions by using Lagrange method (e.g., Drumond et al ., 2011; Sun and Wang, 2014; Huang and Cui, 2015a, 2015b; Chen and Luo, 2018; Hu et al ., 2018a, 2018b; Fremme and Sodemann, 2019; Zhang et al ., 2019; Zhou et al ., 2019). In general, this approach provides more precise details about the humidity variation in air parcels during transport and allows us to quantify the contribution of moisture to precipitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lagrangian simulations of moisture sources for Chinese Xinjiang precipitation during 1979–2018

Yao

Jiang

Zhang

2020

Intl Journal of Climatology

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In this study, the Flexible Particle Dispersion Model (FLEXPART) is employed to simulate the trajectories of global air parcels from March 1979 to February 2018 to analyse the moisture sources of precipitation over Xinjiang in China. The results show that more than 90% of the moisture can be tracked when the backtracking time is set to 10 days. There are three similar moisture transport paths in winter and summer, namely, the Mediterranean-Caspian Sea-Balkhash Lake path, the Eastern European Plain-Western Siberian Plain-Balkhash Lake path, and the Arabian Peninsula-Iranian Plateau-Pamir Plateau path. Besides, there is one more path in summer: the Indian Ocean-Indian Peninsula-Pamir Plateau. The paths of moisture transport in spring (autumn) are similar to those in winter (summer). In summer, the contribution rate of Xinjiang itself and Central Asia accounts for more than 80%, among which the local contributions account for 52%. In the other three seasons, Xinjiang, Central Asia, North Africa-Arabian Peninsula, and South Asia are the main sources of moisture. The contribution rates of moisture uptake in the source regions other than Central Asia vary greatly with the seasons. The interannual variation of contribution rate to precipitation of each source region is limited. Regionally, the moisture source distribution for southern Xinjiang resembles those of the whole Xinjiang; for the northern Xinjiang, the contribution of Central Asia becomes more important.

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lagrangian simulations of moisture sources for Chinese Xinjiang precipitation during 1979–2018

Yao

Jiang

Zhang

2020

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…Several studies have investigated into the features of moisture transport and relevant budget or mechanism in Xinjiang (e.g., Zhao et al, 2014Zhao et al, , 2018Huang et al, 2017;Yao et al, 2018Yao et al, , 2020Zhou et al, 2019;Peng et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2020;Yao et al, 2021). The moisture transport pathways into Xinjiang are essentially recognized to originate from the local evaporation, central Asia, the Caspian Sea and the Black Sea area, the eastern Mediterranean, and eastern Europe and from the Arabian Ocean-the Indian Peninsula-the Pamirs Plateau (Aizen et al, 2006;Huang et al, 2017;Yao et al, 2018Yao et al, , 2020Zhou et al, 2019;Peng et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2020;Yao et al, 2021), which inherently respond to the influence of the westerly flow and the Indian monsoon, respectively. In addition to these zonal moisture transport pathways in the mid-latitudes and meridional pathways in the low-latitudes, the Arctic Oceans is also considered as another contributor to the precipitation over Xinjiang (Li et al, 2008;Huang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture Transport and Sources of the Extreme Precipitation Over Northern and Southern Xinjiang in the Summer Half-Year During 1979–2018

Zhao

Huang

et al. 2021

Front. Earth Sci.

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Based on the output data from the Lagrangian flexible particle dispersion model (FLEXPART), we analyze the pathways of moisture to identify the moisture source areas for extreme precipitation in the summer half-year (April–September) over northern and southern Xinjiang, respectively. For both northern and southern Xinjiang, the local evaporation plays a decisive role for extreme precipitation in the summer half-year, of which contribution ratio accounts for 24.5% to northern Xinjiang and 30.2% to southern Xinjiang of all identified source areas. In addition, central Asia and northwestern Asia are the major moisture source areas as well and contribute similarly to extreme precipitation relative to local evaporation. For northern Xinjiang, central Asia surpasses northwestern Asia, and each of them contributes 24.1 and 18.8%, whereas northwestern Asia is somewhat more crucial than central Asia for southern Xinjiang, accounting 22.1 and 19.1%, respectively. Note that the three top-ranked moisture source areas make up a large proportion of total sources. Regarding the remaining source areas that also provide moisture, the contributions are entirely different for southern and northern Xinjiang. Originating from the North Atlantic Ocean, Europe, and the Mediterranean Sea, some water vapor enters northern Xinjiang and converge to precipitate, while this process is barely detectable for extreme precipitation over southern Xinjiang, which is affected by the westerly flow. On the contrary, the Arabian Sea, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Indian Peninsula contribute, even though slightly, to extreme precipitation over southern Xinjiang, which indicates that the meridional transport pathways from the Arabian Sea can carry moisture to this inland region.

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“…Recently, Fremme and Sodemann (2019) and Sodemann (2020) relaxed these requirements and considered that parcels above the ABL may also be indirectly affected by surface evaporation through moist convection and mixing. In recent years, variations of these process-based approaches have been frequently applied, as it enables a mass-conserving attribution of the source region contribution to precipitation (e.g., Zhou et al, 2019;Sun and Wang, 2014;Chen and Luo, 2018;Martius et al, 2013;Keune and Miralles, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A holistic framework to estimate the origins of atmospheric moisture and heat using a Lagrangian model

Keune

Schumacher

Miralles

2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Despite the existing myriad of tools and models to assess atmospheric source–receptor relationships, their uncertainties remain largely unexplored and arguably stem from the scarcity of observations available for validation. Yet, Lagrangian models are increasingly used to determine the origin of precipitation and atmospheric heat, scrutinizing the changes in moisture and temperature along air parcel trajectories. Here, we present a holistic framework for the process-based evaluation of atmospheric trajectories to infer source–receptor relationships of both moisture and heat. The framework comprises three steps: (i) the diagnosis of moisture and heat from Lagrangian trajectories using multi-objective criteria to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the fluxes, (ii) the attribution of sources following mass- and energy-conserving algorithms in order to establish source–receptor relationships, and (iii) the bias correction of diagnosed fluxes and the corresponding source–receptor relationships. Applying this framework to simulations from the Lagrangian model FLEXPART, driven with ERA-Interim reanalysis data, allows us to quantify the errors and uncertainties associated with the resulting source–receptor relationships for three cities in different climates (Beijing, Denver and Windhoek). Our results reveal large uncertainties inherent in the estimation of heat and precipitation origin with Lagrangian models, but they also demonstrate the synergistic impacts of source- and sink bias-corrections. The proposed framework paves the way for a cohesive assessment of the dependencies in source–receptor relationships.

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An Analysis of Moisture Sources of Torrential Rainfall Events over Xinjiang, China

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

Lagrangian simulations of moisture sources for Chinese Xinjiang precipitation during 1979–2018

Lagrangian simulations of moisture sources for Chinese Xinjiang precipitation during 1979–2018

Moisture Transport and Sources of the Extreme Precipitation Over Northern and Southern Xinjiang in the Summer Half-Year During 1979–2018

A holistic framework to estimate the origins of atmospheric moisture and heat using a Lagrangian model

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