An Additional risk of Lung Cancer from Recurrent Exposure to Ethyl Carbamate (EC) in BALB/C Mice

Abstract

Ethyl carbamate (EC); urethane is a chemical carcinogen (IARC group 2A). It has been commonly found in the fermented food and beverages. EC induced cancerous lesion in different sites due to the formation of active metabolite; vinyl carbamate (VC). The current study aims to investigate the potential risk of cancerous lesions in small and repeated exposure of ethyl carbamate in BALB/C mice. Three groups of BALBL/C mice were treated for 120 days included untreated control; group treated with a single dose of urethane (1.5 g/kg B.w/i.p) at a day one; group treated with repeated doses, the first at a day one and a second at day sixty (1.5g/ kg B.w/i.p). Ethyl carbamate (EC) exposure showed sever changes of serum biochemical markers, apoptosis markers, inflammatory cytokines as well as lipid peroxide formation in lung homogenate, these changes were pronounced in repeated exposure to ethyl carbamate. In addition, histological examinations revealed that epithelial changes in pulmonary tissues were advanced in animals treated with repeated doses of ethyl carbamate. These findings indicate that repeated exposure to ethyl carbamate of fermented foods and beverages is an additional risk for lung cancer due to permanent mitochondrial dysfunction and increase the cellular mitotic activity.

Antitumor activity of intratracheal inhalation of temozolomide (TMZ) loaded into gold nanoparticles and/or liposomes against urethane-induced lung cancer in BALB/c mice

“…The selected dose of urethane was based on previous work was conducted by (Hamzawy et al, 2015). The results of the current study revealed that urethane induced significant increase of LDH activities that indicated by increase in cellular proliferation and cancer promotion.…”

“…Lung cancer was induced by intraperitoneal injection of urethane (ethyl carbamate) (1.5 mg/kg b.w) two times; once at the first and eighth week (Hamzawy et al, 2015).…”