Amount and Type of Dietary Fat Regulate Pancreatic Lipase Gene Expression in Rats

Ricketts, J.; Brannon, Patsy M.

doi:10.1093/jn/124.8.1166

Cited by 46 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The regulation of PLRP1 by the amount of dietary fat is transcriptional, as demonstrated by increased nuclear transcript run-on assay (15). The parallel changes in PL mRNA levels (16) and synthetic rates (14) suggest that the regulation of PL is pretranslational and likely to be transcriptional. However, such transcriptional regulation has yet to be conclusively documented.…”

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confidence: 96%

“…Below that threshold level, only the highly unsaturated safflower oil and coconut oil, which is rich in MCT, stimulate PL activity. Ricketts and Brannon (16) report that the amount of fat, independent of its degree of saturation, regulates PL pretranslationally, as increasing either saturated or polyunsaturated dietary fat results in parallel changes in PL and PLRP1 mRNA levels. However, the degree of saturation of dietary fat regulates PL at other levels as well.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Regulation of Pancreatic Lipase by Dietary Medium Chain Triglycerides in the Weanling Rat

Birk

Brannon

2004

Pediatr Res

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Pancreatic lipase (PL) and its related protein 1 (PLRP1) are regulated by the amount of dietary fat through an apparent transcriptional mechanism. Regulation of PL and PLRP1 by type of fat (chain length and degree of saturation) is less well understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether mediumchain triglycerides regulate PL and PLRP1. For 7 d, weanling (21-d-old) Sprague Dawley male rats were fed diets low (11% of energy), moderate (40% of energy), or high (67% of energy) in trioctanoate/tridecanoate (MCT) or safflower (low fat only) oils. Food consumption decreased as dietary MCT increased, and the consumption of MCT diets was lower than that of the lowsafflower (control) diet. Final body weight was similar among rats fed the low-or moderate-MCT or control diets, but was significantly reduced (17%) in those fed the high-MCT diets. PL activity was significantly elevated 53-60% (p Ͻ 0.002) in rats fed low and moderate MCT diets, respectively, compared with that of rats fed high-MCT or control diets. PL and PLRP1 mRNA levels were not significantly different among diets, suggesting that chain length regulates PL and PLRP1 translationally or posttranslationally. The ␤-hydroxybutyrate plasma concentration was significantly (p Ͻ 0.02) higher (85%) in rats consuming low-MCT diet compared with those of rats fed the control diet. MCT at low levels, but not high levels, increase PL activity without changing its mRNA levels. Pancreatic lipase (PL) is the main enzyme responsible for digestion of dietary triglycerides. PL catalyzes the hydrolysis of 56% of the fatty acids of dietary triglycerides, and gastric lipase, an additional 10% (1). PL and its related protein PLRP1, a homologous protein of unknown function (2), are secreted by the pancreas and regulated by dietary fat (3-5). Considerable amount of work has been reported about the dietary regulation of PL by triglycerides, but many of the studies before 1994 used a cDNA probe initially believed to be PL and subsequently shown to be PLRP1 (2). PL was initially cloned by Lowe and co-workers (6) and referred to as rat PL3 by Wicker-Planquart and Puigserver (7). PL demonstrates the classical dependence on colipase for its lipolytic activity. PLRP1 (known before 1994 as pancreatic lipase 1/2) is highly homologous to PL (65%) (2, 8), but to date no known lipolytic activity of PLRP1 has been reported. Site-directed mutagenesis of two amino acids in PLRP1 to those seen in PL restores full colipase-dependent lipolytic activity of PLRP1, suggesting that PLRP1 may be a nonfunctional homologue of PL (9). Another homologue, pancreatic lipase related protein 2 (PLRP2) has 65% identity to PL and hydrolyzes triglycerides, phospholipids, and galactolipids. PLRP2 has low colipase dependence and does not exhibit bile salt inhibition as PL does (2,8,10,11). It is unknown whether PLRP2 is regulated by dietary fat.The pancreas normally produces and secretes 3-to 10-fold excess lipase; therefore, the physiologic importance of regulating PL has been questioned. However, the dieta...

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confidence: 96%

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confidence: 99%

Regulation of Pancreatic Lipase by Dietary Medium Chain Triglycerides in the Weanling Rat

Birk

Brannon

2004

Pediatr Res

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“…The composition is the reverse of soybean oil, which has lower amounts of saturated fatty acids (14.19%) when compared to unsaturated fatty acids (85.49%) (Almeida, Queiroz, Costa, & Matta, 2011). This fact influences many physiological mechanisms, such as the regulation of the activity of pancreatic lipase and, as a result, the digestibility of lipids (Ricketts & Brannon, 1994). A high PUFA/SFA ration increases fat digestibility (Ricketts & Brannon, 1994;Monsma, Gallaher, & Ney, 1996).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This fact influences many physiological mechanisms, such as the regulation of the activity of pancreatic lipase and, as a result, the digestibility of lipids (Ricketts & Brannon, 1994). A high PUFA/SFA ration increases fat digestibility (Ricketts & Brannon, 1994;Monsma, Gallaher, & Ney, 1996).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>Coconut oil increases HDL-c and decreases triglycerides in wistar rats

Santana

Cordeiro

Soares

et al. 2016

Acta Sci. Health Sci.

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ABSTRACT. Changes in body composition and serum lipid profile in rats, supplemented with coconut oil, are evaluated and compared to other lipid sources. Female Wistar rats received by gavage 1 mL kg -1 of saline, soybean oil, lard or coconut oil during 21 days. At the end of the study period, body composition, food intake, feces, urine, organ weight and serum lipid profile were assessed. No statistical differences between the groups were found in body composition, food intake, fecal and urinary analysis, and organ weight. In the case or plasma lipid concentrations, coconut oil and lard raised total cholesterol levels, without changes in LDL levels. On the other hand there was no change in total cholesterol levels in the soybean oil group. HDL fraction increased in all groups when compared to that in the saline group; this increase was more significant in the coconut oil group. There was significant reduction of serum triglycerides only in the coconut oil group when compared to the saline group. Supplementation with coconut oil did not interfere in weight and body composition of the animals used in current study, but revealed significant effect on the increase of HDL-c levels and decrease of serum triglycerides.Keywords: dyslipidemias, body composition, oils.Óleo de coco aumenta o HDL-c e reduz os triglicerídeos séricos em ratas Wistar RESUMO. Analisar as alterações na composição corporal e no perfil lipídico sérico de ratas suplementadas com óleo de coco, comparativamente a outras fontes lipídicas. Foram utilizadas ratas Wistar, as quais receberam via oral 1 mL kg -1 de solução salina, óleo de soja, gordura de porco ou óleo de coco por 21 dias. Ao término avaliaram-se a composição corporal, o consumo alimentar, as fezes, a urina, o peso de órgãos e o perfil lipídico sérico. Não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos com relação à composição corporal, ao consumo alimentar, à análise de fezes e à urina, e peso de órgãos. Quanto às concentrações de lipídios plasmáticos, o óleo de coco e a gordura de porco elevaram o colesterol total, sem alteração dos níveis de LDL, quando comparados ao grupo salina. Em todos os grupos foi observada elevação da fração HDL, sendo mais significativa no grupo óleo de coco, quando comparados ao grupo salina. Ainda, se comparado ao grupo salina, apenas no grupo óleo de coco houve redução significativa das concentrações séricas de triglicerídeos. A suplementação com óleo de coco não interferiu no peso e composição corporal dos animais em estudo. No entanto esta suplementação apresentou importante efeito no aumento do HDL-c e na redução dos triglicerídeos séricos.Palavras-chave: dislipidemias, composição corporal, óleos.

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“…In isolated rat hepatocytes, the polyunsaturated arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6) induced the up-regulation of ß-actin mRNA, whereas monounsaturated eicosanoic acid (20:1 n-9) had no effect (38). ß-actin mRNA was unchanged in the jejunum of rats fed a diet rich in long-chain triacylglycerols (39), while in the pancreas ß-actin expression decreased due to the effect of 17.4% PUFA or saturated fatty acid diets in comparison to a low fat diet (40). In hepatoma cells grown in rats, linoleic acid-and linolenic acid-enriched diets induced a decrease of ß-actin in the tumor cells (41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

High corn oil and high extra virgin olive oil diets have different effects on the expression of differentiation-related genes in experimental mammary tumors

Moral

Solanas²,

García³

et al. 1994

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. Dietary lipids can modify the clinical behavior and morphological features of experimental breast tumors.We previously demonstrated that a high corn oil diet has a tumor-enhancing effect in 7,12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA)-induced rat mammary adenocarcinomas, whereas a high olive oil diet acts as a negative modulator of carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated whether these high fat diets modulate the expression of genes related to differentiation. Rats were induced with DMBA and fed a low fat diet, a high corn oil diet, a high olive oil diet, or both high fat diets. The expression levels of the mammary differentiation biomarkers α-casein, ß-casein and transferrin and of ß-actin and its transporter zipcode binding protein 1 (ZBP1) were analyzed by Northern and/or Western blot in the mammary adenocarcinomas. The high fat diets did not induce changes in the expression of caseins, while transferrin expression was increased as a result of the high olive oil diet. ß-actin mRNA levels were higher in the high fat diet groups, though no changes in the protein levels were observed. The expression of ZBP1, a protein reported as having a role in carcinogenesis, was significantly increased by the high corn oil diet. These results suggest that in this model caseins are not good biomarkers of the changes in tumor morphological differentiation conferred by the high fat diets. The modulation of transferrin and ZBP1 expression by the high olive oil and the high corn oil diets could be one of the mechanisms by which such diets have a different influence on mammary carcinogenesis.

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Amount and Type of Dietary Fat Regulate Pancreatic Lipase Gene Expression in Rats

Cited by 46 publications

References 27 publications

Regulation of Pancreatic Lipase by Dietary Medium Chain Triglycerides in the Weanling Rat

Regulation of Pancreatic Lipase by Dietary Medium Chain Triglycerides in the Weanling Rat

<b>Coconut oil increases HDL-c and decreases triglycerides in wistar rats

High corn oil and high extra virgin olive oil diets have different effects on the expression of differentiation-related genes in experimental mammary tumors

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