Amelioration of Prallethrin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepatotoxicity in Rat by the Administration ofOriganum majoranaEssential Oil

Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate the adverse effects of exposure to prallethrin on oxidant/antioxidant status and liver dysfunction biomarkers and the protective role of Origanum majorana essential oil (EO) in rat. Male rats were divided into 4 groups: (i) received only olive oil (ii) treated with 64.0 mg/kg body weight prallethrin (1/10 LD50) in olive oil via oral route daily for 28 days, (iii) treated with 64.0 mg/kg body weight prallethrin (1/10 LD50) and EO (160 μL/kg b.wt.) in olive oil and (iv) received EO (160 μL/kg b.wt.) in olive oil via oral route twice daily for 28 days. Prallethrin treatment caused decrease in body weight gain and increase in relative liver weight. There was a significant increase in the activity of serum marker enzymes, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase. It caused increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and reduction in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase in liver. Consistent histological changes were found in the liver of prallethrin treatment. EO showed significant protection with the depletion of serum marker enzymes and replenishment of antioxidant status and brought all the values to near normal, indicating the protective effect of EO. We can conclude that prallethrin caused oxidative damage and liver injury in male rat and co-administration of EO attenuated the toxic effect of prallethrin. These results demonstrate that administration of EO may be useful, easy, and economical to protect human against pyrethroids toxic effects.

Lambda Cyhalothrin Elicited Dose Response Toxicity on Haematological, Hepatic, Gonadal and Lipid Metabolic Biomarkers in Rat and Possible Modulatory Role of Taurine

“…The reduction in fructose content in seminal fluid collected from LCT intoxicated rats were drawn attention towards the secretory ability of seminal vesicles and the nutritive potential for the semen. Previous studies [42][43][44] reported that ROS were involved in the toxicity of various pesticides. ROS inhibits steroidogenesis by disrupting cholesterol transport to mitochondria.…”

Hepato-renal protective effects of gallic acid and p-coumaric acid in nicotinamide/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

“…These enzymes are transaminase enzymes that catalyse amino transfer reactions and play an important role in amino acids catabolism and biosynthesis (69). Thus, these enzymes are used as markers to assess the extent of liver damage in STZ-induced diabetic rats (70).…”

Impact of Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation Induced by Lambdacyhalothrin on P450 in Male Rats: The Ameliorating Effect of Zinc

“…pesticides) and some of these free radicals interact with various tissue components, resulting in dysfunction [10,14]. In fact, oxidative damage due to excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been associated with defective organs dysfunction [14,31] and the inhibition of enzymes involved in free radical removal led to the accumulation of H 2 O 2 , which promoted lipid peroxidation and modulation of DNA, altered gene expression and cell death [32].…”

“…When a condition of oxidative stress strongly establishes, the defense capacities against ROS becomes insufficient [32], in turn ROS also affects the antioxidant defense mechanisms, reduces the intracellular concentration of GSH, lipid peroxidation and alter the activity of antioxidant enzymes e.g., SOD, CAT, GPx and GST. The changes in these oxidative stress biomarkers have been reported to be an indicator of tissue's ability to cope with oxidative stress [10,14,33]. ROS has also been known to decrease the detoxification system produced by GST [34].…”

“…They act as free radical scavengers and slow down not only radical oxidation but also the accompanying damaging effects in the body [13]. Previous studies [10,11,[14][15][16]reported that ROS were involved in the toxicity of various pesticides. Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element, is relatively nontoxic and is integral to several key functions in human metabolism [17,18].…”