Ambient Exposure to Agricultural Pesticides during Pregnancy and Risk of Cerebral Palsy: A Population-Based Study in California

Liew, Zeyan; Ehrenstein, Ondine S. von; Ling, Chenxiao; Yuan, Yuying; Meng, Qi; Cui, Xin; Park, Andrew S.; Uldall, Peter; Olsen, Jørn; Cockburn, Myles; Ritz, Beate

doi:10.3390/toxics8030052

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…These properties provide an opportunity to improve existing air pollution monitoring capabilities. It may also provide avenues to new air monitoring applications for population exposure to air pollutants [86,87].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Health Surveillance System for a Population Using Advanced Exposure Assessment

Yang

Park

Cho

et al. 2020

Toxics

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Human exposure to air pollution is a major public health concern. Environmental policymakers have been implementing various strategies to reduce exposure, including the 10th-day-no-driving system. To assess exposure of an entire population of a community in a highly polluted area, pollutant concentrations in microenvironments and population time–activity patterns are required. To date, population exposure to air pollutants has been assessed using air monitoring data from fixed atmospheric monitoring stations, atmospheric dispersion modeling, or spatial interpolation techniques for pollutant concentrations. This is coupled with census data, administrative registers, and data on the patterns of the time-based activities at the individual scale. Recent technologies such as sensors, the Internet of Things (IoT), communications technology, and artificial intelligence enable the accurate evaluation of air pollution exposure for a population in an environmental health context. In this study, the latest trends in published papers on the assessment of population exposure to air pollution were reviewed. Subsequently, this study proposes a methodology that will enable policymakers to develop an environmental health surveillance system that evaluates the distribution of air pollution exposure for a population within a target area and establish countermeasures based on advanced exposure assessment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Health Surveillance System for a Population Using Advanced Exposure Assessment

Yang

Park

Cho

et al. 2020

Toxics

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“…The DDS provides service and support to residents in California who have developmental disabilities or conditions (including CP) through 21 statewide regional centers . We used a probabilistic linkage algorithm to match the DDS records and the California birth records using parental and child’s identifying information (first and last name, date of birth, sex of child) . CP cases registered in the DDS with a birthplace other than California were not eligible for the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 We used a probabilistic linkage algorithm to match the DDS records and the California birth records using parental and child’s identifying information (first and last name, date of birth, sex of child). 18 , 23 , 24 CP cases registered in the DDS with a birthplace other than California were not eligible for the study. Overall, we identified a total of 4942 CP cases (linkage rate of 93%), with nonlinkages mainly due to missing identifying information.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 20 , 21 Here, we conducted a statewide cohort study of more than 4 million births from 2007 to 2015 in California to investigate whether CP diagnosis in childhood was associated with the month or season of conception as a marker for seasonally varying exposures that occurred in early gestation. Given the time of birth can be complicated by the length of gestation that has strong influences on CP risk, we assessed the season of conception as our main focus to capture exposure effects in the early pregnancy that shape the susceptibility of fetal brain injury, 14 , 18 and we evaluated preterm birth as a potential mediating factor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Season of Conception and Risk of Cerebral Palsy

Zhuo,

Ritz,

Warren

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceCerebral palsy (CP) is the most prevalent neuromotor disability in childhood, but for most cases the etiology remains unexplained. Seasonal variation in the conception of CP may provide clues for their potential etiological risk factors that vary across seasons.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the month or season of conception is associated with CP occurrence.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis statewide cohort study examined more than 4 million live births that were registered in the California birth records during 2007 to 2015 and were linked to CP diagnostic records (up to year 2021). Statistical analyses were conducted between March 2022 and January 2023.ExposuresThe month and season of conception were estimated based on the child’s date of birth and the length of gestation recorded in the California birth records.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCP status was ascertained from the diagnostic records obtained from the Department of Developmental Services in California. Poisson regression was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) and 95% CI for CP according to the month or the season of conception, adjusting for maternal- and neighborhood-level factors. Stratified analyses were conducted by child’s sex and neighborhood social vulnerability measures, and the mediating role of preterm birth was evaluated.ResultsRecords of 4 468 109 children (51.2% male; maternal age: 28.3% aged 19 to 25 years, 27.5% aged 26 to 30 years; maternal race and ethnicity: 5.6% African American or Black, 13.5% Asian, 49.8% Hispanic or Latinx of any race, and 28.3% non-Hispanic White) and 4697 with CP (55.1% male; maternal age: 28.3% aged 19 to 25 years, 26.0% aged 26 to 30 years; maternal race and ethnicity: 8.3% African American or Black, 8.6% Asian, 54.3% Hispanic or Latinx of any race, and 25.8% non-Hispanic White) were analyzed. Children conceived in winter (January to March) or spring (April to June) were associated with a 9% to 10% increased risk of CP (winter: RR, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.01-1.19]; spring: RR, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.02-1.20]) compared with summer (July to September) conceptions. Analyses for specific months showed similar results with children conceived in January, February, and May being at higher risk of CP. The associations were slightly stronger for mothers who lived in neighborhoods with a high social vulnerability index, but no child sex differences were observed. Only a small portion of the estimated association was mediated through preterm birth.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study in California, children conceived in winter and spring had a small increase in CP risk. These findings suggest that seasonally varying environmental factors should be considered in the etiological research of CP.

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“…A variety of pesticides are prohibited because they are not biodegradable and impact human health [ 162 ]. Chemical pesticides were also identified as causing birth defects in children and cancer [ 163 , 164 ]. The contamination of organochloride pesticides in food products and water are also concerning, due to the danger in long-range transport, bioaccumulation in human and animal tissue, and biomagnification in food chains [ 165 ].…”

Section: Nanotechnology In Food Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Nanotechnology-Based Approaches for Food Monitoring

et al. 2022

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Throughout the food supply chain, including production, storage, and distribution, food can be contaminated by harmful chemicals and microorganisms, resulting in a severe threat to human health. In recent years, the rapid advancement and development of nanotechnology proposed revolutionary solutions to solve several problems in scientific and industrial areas, including food monitoring. Nanotechnology can be incorporated into chemical and biological sensors to improve analytical performance, such as response time, sensitivity, selectivity, reliability, and accuracy. Based on the characteristics of the contaminants and the detection methods, nanotechnology can be applied in different ways in order to improve conventional techniques. Nanomaterials such as nanoparticles, nanorods, nanosheets, nanocomposites, nanotubes, and nanowires provide various functions for the immobilization and labeling of contaminants in electrochemical and optical detection. This review summarizes the recent advances in nanotechnology for detecting chemical and biological contaminations in the food supply chain.

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Ambient Exposure to Agricultural Pesticides during Pregnancy and Risk of Cerebral Palsy: A Population-Based Study in California

Cited by 13 publications

References 80 publications

Environmental Health Surveillance System for a Population Using Advanced Exposure Assessment

Environmental Health Surveillance System for a Population Using Advanced Exposure Assessment

Season of Conception and Risk of Cerebral Palsy

Recent Progress in Nanotechnology-Based Approaches for Food Monitoring

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