Amateur Photographs as Visual Quotes

Schmieder, Kathrin

doi:10.1080/17512786.2015.1030143

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Ordinary people have often been used in news media to illustrate a current trend or as witnesses of a major event, but also in stories about everyday life, and often journalists now find these stories via social media, and usergenerated content is used more often than before (Eronen, 2015;Hermida et al, 2012;Karlsson et al, 2015;Ma¨enpa¨a¨, 2014;Paulussen & Harder, 2014;Schmieder, 2015;Turner, 2010). How do news workers decide which social media posts to turn into news stories?…”

Section: Virality As News Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Letters to the Public: What Goes Viral Online?

Wold¹

2023

SAGE Open

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Social media posts made by ordinary people are in most cases only viewed by a small number of friends and contacts. But some posts get thousands of likes, comments, and shares, a phenomenon often dubbed as going viral. This paper provides a content analysis of viral Facebook posts published by common people in Norway, and of the news coverage they received. The social media posts that go viral in Norway deal with a variety of topics, like health care, elderly care, bullying, traffic safety, unemployment, animal welfare, school, and education. Some of the viral posts were open job applications, and some were creative expressions. Many of the posts address political issues, and becomes part of the public debate. The posts are personal in their mode of address, often with an emotional appeal for civic engagement. They resemble the letters to the editor, though they bypass the editor and go directly to online self-publication, and in this way, moving parts of the public debate from the newspapers to social media. Most of the viral posts got news coverage, which in most cases focused more on the popularity cues and the virality of the post, and less on the topic the post addressed.

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Section: Virality As News Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Letters to the Public: What Goes Viral Online?

Wold¹

2023

SAGE Open

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“…The use of ordinary people as sources has increased in recent years (Näsi 2015;Pantti and Sirén 2015;Schmieder 2015). Stories about ordinary people have always been of interest to news reporters, for instance, as a way of illustrating or giving a face to a current trend or major event, or as a method of explaining something complex through the use of personal examples (Eronen 2015;Schmieder 2015;Turner 2010). Social media have also become an important source in stories of a more mundane character (Farhi 2009;Hermida et al 2012;Paulussen and Harder 2014;Singer et al 2011).…”

Section: Ordinary People In the Newsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What is more, amateur photos portray intimacy through personal experience and feelings (Mortensen 2016;Pantti and Bakker 2009). Schmieder (2015) conceptualized amateur photos as "visual quotes" because journalists use them in much the same way as they use spoken quotes from interviewees. Images function as elements in the narrative that news workers aim to create.…”

Section: Journalistic Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ordinary people have always been of interest to news media but have generally become more visible in the past few decades, both in entertainment media and in the news (Eronen 2015;Palmer 2018;Schmieder 2015;Turner 2010). The use of amateur material and ordinary people as sources in news media has increased, and this includes amateur photos and videos (Karlsson et al 2015;Mortensen 2016;Mäenpää 2014;Näsi 2015;Pantti and Sirén 2015;Schmieder 2015). The term ordinary people can be an ambiguous concept.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ordinary People and Social Media as Sources in Norwegian Newspapers

Wold

2022

Journalism and Media

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Ordinary people have always been of interest to journalists, and social media has become a common place to find material for new stories. This paper presents a quantitative content analysis of Norwegian news articles that are based on social media posts published by ordinary people. The analysis focuses on the topics of the news stories, sources, headlines, lead paragraphs, use of amateur photos, and what news criteria they fulfill. The news articles generated covered a wide variety of topics but were mostly soft news. Social issues, culture, and politics were the largest categories. They were episodic in form and replicated much of the content from the original social media post together with an interview with the person who posted it. There was little use of other sources or follow-up stories. Most of the photos used were amateur photos. The journalistic processing of the material is at a minimum. Compared with Norwegian news in general, the sources in the material were slightly more female and of a wider age range, and they were picked up by journalists because of popularity cues on social media. For journalists, this poses an opportunity and a challenge to develop the stories into something more than mere snapshots of society. For the individuals involved it poses an opportunity to reach a larger audience, but also the challenge of context collapse when the audience shifts from their contacts on social media to the general news audience.

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“…For example, Johansson has considered political videos (2012) and tweets (forthcoming) embedded in web news, as well as videos linked into video press reviews (2013) as quotes. In addition, Schmieder (2015) has argued that amateur photos published in touch with news are exploited by journalists in the same way as written quotes. Furthermore, media content sharing as an emergent form of quoting is facilitated by the platform architecture of social media and is available for anyone with access to the Internet (Section 6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Media and quoting

Haapanen¹,

Perrin²

2017

The Routledge Handbook of Language and Media

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Direct quoting is a distinctive and essential phenomenon in the media. Albeit, how it materializes varies according to the medium in which it occurs. In television and radio, the statements drawn from interviews are embedded as sound bites into a media item, whereas in print publications selected quotes-to-be are rendered as quotations. The Internet has allowed for the transgression of this traditional dichotomy, since written items can be published there without concrete printing-and mixed and blended with audio and audiovisual items without traditional broadcasting. With the emergence of Internet 2.0 and, mainly, social media, the concept of quoting has further evolved. With social media platforms, it is easy to share links to media items published all over the web. Posting links can be considered a (new) kind of quoting in itself because a) some links quote extracts from source text, and b) following the link results in a full quotation of the source text in a new browser window-which then must be processed in the context of the text containing the link. Furthermore, these links are often accompanied by extensions such as comments on and quotes from the linked text. Based on these different dimensions of intertextuality, we define quote and related key terms in the next section of this chapter. In Section 3, we outline the main scholarly perspectives on quoting. Taking clues from journalism, in Section 4, we present the current state of the research explaining the structure of quotes (4.1), the functions of quotes (4.2), and the process of quoting (4.3). In Section 5, we focus on critical issues involved in the investigation of quotes and quoting, and in Section 6, we outline future directions of research by foregrounding the phenomenon of socio-quoting. We conclude by briefly characterising quotes and quoting overall in Section 7. 2 DEFINITIONS The term media is seen by many scholars as a generic term used to identify the technical means (such as print, radio, television, or the Internet) by which semiotic entities are communicated to others (see Ehrensperger, Perrin & Zampa, this volume, Chapter IV.4). In light of this characterization, the concept of intertextuality becomes fundamental: In journalistic media, and especially in modern days, the role of intertextuality is emphasized, since such media tell us as much about what someone has said has happened as about what has actually happened (Bell 1991: 52-53; Nylund 2009: 7). In this chapter, we focus on a distinctive type of intertextuality called direct quotes (hereafter referred to simply as quotes), which includes both written quotes and (spoken) sound bite quotes. Quotes are generally easily identifiable by their formal markings. The most unequivocal way to identify a quote in a media environment is in the written media where quotes are distinguished from the surrounding

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Amateur Photographs as Visual Quotes

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

Letters to the Public: What Goes Viral Online?

Letters to the Public: What Goes Viral Online?

Ordinary People and Social Media as Sources in Norwegian Newspapers

Media and quoting

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