Aluminium, lead and cadmium concentrations in seminal plasma and spermatozoa, and semen quality in Finnish men

Hovatta, Outi; Venäläinen, Eija-Riitta; Kuusimäki, L; Heikkilä, J; Hirvi, Timo; Reima, Ilkka

doi:10.1093/humrep/13.1.115

Cited by 89 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Free iron ions can catalyze hydrogen peroxide, generating hydroxyl radicals through Fenton's reaction [42] These radicals are able to initiate lipid peroxidation and cellular damage [25][26][27] . Also, aluminum has been reported to promote non-iron-induced lipid peroxidation [42] , such as a oxidation of NADH [43] , which also leads to the formation of hydroxyl radicals [44] There is great concern that exposure to aluminum causes reproductive toxicity in humans and animals [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] . Testicular tissues are vulnerable to oxidative injury [45] and defective sperm function is associated with an increase in lipid peroxidationderived free radicals and impaired antioxidant defense [46] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, information concerning the negative effects of aluminum on the male reproductive system is still very limited. It has been reported that there is a strong correlation between high aluminum contents in human testes, Leydig cells, spermatozoa, seminal plasma, blood and urine with impaired sperm quality and viability [21][22][23] . Suppressed testosterone production, sexual behavior and fertility were also observed in animals exposed to aluminum [24][25][26] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Camel’s Milk Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation Induced by Chronic Aluminum Chloride Exposure in Rat’s Testes

Al‐Hashem¹

2009

American J. of Applied Sciences

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Problem statement: The present study was carried out to examine the effectiveness of Camel's milk in alleviating aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 )-induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in rat testes. Approach: White albino male rats (230-250 g) were divided into three groups of 10 rats: A control group, treated with normal saline and two experimental groups, the AlCl 3 treated group and the Camel's milk-AlCl 3 treated group. The first experimental group, the AlCl 3 treated group, received 0.5 mg kg −1 of AlCl 3 orally. The second experimental group was fed 1 mL of fresh Camel's milk 10 min prior to the administration of oral AlCl 3 . All rats were treated every day for 30 days. Lipid peroxidation, as determined by testicular concentration of Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) and Hydroperoxide (HP) levels and the oxidative stress status, as measured by glutathione (GSH) levels, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) activity, were evaluated in the rat testes. Results: Oral administration of AlCl 3 induced lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in rat testes, which was indicated by a significant increase in lipid peroxidation biomarkers (TBARS and HP) and a significant decrease in the GSH content and SOD and CAT activities. When rats received Camel's milk before being given AlCl 3 , lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress parameters were restored to normal levels. In the testes from rats fed Camel's milk TBARS and HP levels were significantly reduced and, conversely, GSH content, SOD and CAT activities were significantly increased compared to rats that received only AlCl 3 . Conclusion: Treatment with Camel's milk prior to AlCl 3 alleviates AlCl 3 -associated hazards and protects testicular tissue from AlCl 3 toxicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camel’s Milk Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation Induced by Chronic Aluminum Chloride Exposure in Rat’s Testes

Al‐Hashem¹

2009

American J. of Applied Sciences

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“…Seminal fluid analysis and the categorisation into normozoospermic and pathozoospermic groups were done according to WHO guidelines [7]. Following centrifugation, seminal plasma was stored in metal free, labeled polypropylene plastic tubes at -20°C for subsequent Pb and Cd analysis [8].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and occupational exposures as a cause of male infertility: A caveat

et al. 2015

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Objectives To determine the association between environmental and occupational exposures, semen parameters and lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) levels in seminal plasma of men investigated for infertility.Methods Data were collected from 300 men investigated for infertility using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Seminal fluid analysis and classification was done according to WHO guidelines. Positive exposure was defined as environmental or occupational exposure to agro or industrial chemicals, heavy metals and living in areas within 50m of potential sources of pollution for three months or more. Seminal plasma lead and cadmium levels were estimated by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry after digestion with nitric acid. The means of sperm parameters, Pb and Cd concentrations between exposed and non exposed groups were compared using t-test.Results Mean age was 34.8 (95% CI 34.2-35.4) years BMI was 24.3 (95% CI 23.8-24.7) kg/m 2 and duration of the infertility was 45.7 (41.7-49.6) months. In this study, 54.6% were exposed to toxins through environmental or occupational sources. All sperm parameters were lower in the exposed group when compared to the non exposed. Lead and cadmium were detected in 38.3% and 23% of men respectively. The distance from the source of possible environmental or occupational exposure was negatively correlated to seminal plasma Pb (r=0.06, p>0.05) and Cd (r=0.26, p<0.05) concentrations. In the exposed, mean IntroductionGlobally, human fecundity appears to be on the decline with decrease in semen quality and male infertility being on the rise [1,2]. Environmental pollutants, occupational exposures and life style factors have been explored as possible contributors [3]. Toxicants affecting the reproductive system are broadly categorised as petroleum products, agrochemicals, industrial chemicals and heavy metals. The effects of exposure to toxicants and male infertility have been reported by many investigators [4]. However the results vary according to the study population, the methods used in the assessment of exposure and the biological end point.Of the heavy metals known to impair semen quality, lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are the two most prevalent Ceylon Medical Journal 2015; 60: 52-6 lead concentration was 17.7 (95% CI 15.0-20.4) µg/dl and 13.5 (95% CI 11.2-15.7) µg/dl in non exposed and cadmium concentration in exposed was 1.2 (95% CI 1.1-1.4) µg/dl and 1.1 (0.9-1.3) µg/dl in non-exposed.Conclusions Environmental and occupational exposures were associated with reduced sperm count motility, viability, normal forms and detectable levels of lead and cadmium in seminal plasma.

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“…All of these studies have been adjusted for the infl uence of age and current smoking (66,(105)(106)(107)(108)(109), and for other metals (66,105,(107)(108)(109). Other studies (110)(111)(112)(113)(114) have not found any association between low-level lead exposure and semen quality or endocrine function in men.…”

Section: Effects Of Environmental Exposure To Metals On Reproductive mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Toxicity of Metals in Men

Pizent¹,

Tariba²,

Živković³

2012

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

106

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A combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors contributes to adverse effects on the reproductive health in men. Metals are pervasive in food, water, air, tobacco smoke, and alcoholic beverages. Experimental studies suggest that many metals have adverse effects on the male reproductive function. However, information about reproductive effects of human exposure to metals is scarce and/or inconsistent. This review summarises the information from epidemiological studies of the effects of metal exposure on reproductive function in men. Factors capable of affecting these relationships were identifi ed and discussed. A particular attention is given to the studies considering infl uence of concomitant exposure to various metals. These studies have generally confi rmed that even moderate-to low-level exposure to lead affects certain reproductive parameters, and that exposure to cadmium affects the prostate function and serum testosterone levels. Adverse effects of mercury, manganese, chromium and arsenic on semen quality and altered serum hormone are less well documented. There is no clear evidence that boron exposure may impair reproductive health in men. Only a few studies have investigated reproductive effects of concomitant exposure to several metals and controlled for potential confounders. Future studies should consider the contribution of combined exposure to various metals and/or other factors that may infl uence individual susceptibility to reproductive health impairment in men. KEY WORDS: human semen quality, metals, metalloids, metal interactions, sex hormonesPizent A, et al.

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Aluminium, lead and cadmium concentrations in seminal plasma and spermatozoa, and semen quality in Finnish men

Cited by 89 publications

References 29 publications

Camel’s Milk Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation Induced by Chronic Aluminum Chloride Exposure in Rat’s Testes

Camel’s Milk Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation Induced by Chronic Aluminum Chloride Exposure in Rat’s Testes

Environmental and occupational exposures as a cause of male infertility: A caveat

Reproductive Toxicity of Metals in Men

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