Camel’s Milk Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation Induced by Chronic Aluminum Chloride Exposure in Rat’s Testes

Abstract

Problem statement: The present study was carried out to examine the effectiveness of Camel's milk in alleviating aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 )-induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in rat testes. Approach: White albino male rats (230-250 g) were divided into three groups of 10 rats: A control group, treated with normal saline and two experimental groups, the AlCl 3 treated group and the Camel's milk-AlCl 3 treated group. The first experimental group, the AlCl 3 treated group, received 0.5 mg kg −1 of AlCl 3 orally. The second experimental group was fed 1 mL of fresh Camel's milk 10 min prior to the administration of oral AlCl 3 . All rats were treated every day for 30 days. Lipid peroxidation, as determined by testicular concentration of Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) and Hydroperoxide (HP) levels and the oxidative stress status, as measured by glutathione (GSH) levels, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) activity, were evaluated in the rat testes. Results: Oral administration of AlCl 3 induced lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in rat testes, which was indicated by a significant increase in lipid peroxidation biomarkers (TBARS and HP) and a significant decrease in the GSH content and SOD and CAT activities. When rats received Camel's milk before being given AlCl 3 , lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress parameters were restored to normal levels. In the testes from rats fed Camel's milk TBARS and HP levels were significantly reduced and, conversely, GSH content, SOD and CAT activities were significantly increased compared to rats that received only AlCl 3 . Conclusion: Treatment with Camel's milk prior to AlCl 3 alleviates AlCl 3 -associated hazards and protects testicular tissue from AlCl 3 toxicity.

Possible Role of γ-Irradiated Ginseng in the Modulation of Some Biochemical Disorders Produced by Aluminum in Rats

“…The activities of AST, ALT, ALP and LDH in serum were increased after toxicant administration. These findings are well correlated with those of Abdel Aziz and Zabut (2011) and Al-Hashem (2009). It is of interest to mention that in animals treated with toxicants, the serum levels of these enzymes elevated after liver damage, and thus alterations in liver function, because of increased membrane permeability or due to liver cell necrosis and cytosol leakage into the serum (Ozer et al, 2008).…”

“…Four groups of rats each of 8 rats were used; they were treated as follows: Control group: Untreated rats, IGE group: Rats received orally γ-irradiated ginseng powder (400 mg kg -1 body wt daily) dissolved in water during the experiment which lasted for six weeks (Turan et al, 2010). AL group: Rats received orally by gavages 1 ml of a solution containing 0.5 mg kg -1 body wt of ALCL 3 in H 2 O per day for six weeks (Al-Hashem, 2009) and IGE + AL group: Rats received IGE + ALCL 3 as described for group 2 and 3.…”

Effects of Camel’s Milk as a Vehicle for Insulin on Glycaemic Control and Lipid Profile in Type 1 Diabetics

“…It has been reported that camel's milk contain high levels of vitamins C (three times that of cow milk and one-and-ahalf times that of human milk), A, B 2 , E and very rich in potassium, iron, magnesium and other trace elements (Pozzilli et al, 2000;Gast et al, 1969;Al-Hashem, 2009). In addition, Gast et al (1969) claim that the value of camel's milk is to be found in the high concentrations of volatile acids, especially, linoleum acid and the polyunsaturated.…”

Compositional and Therapeutic Properties of Camel Milk: A Review

“…Camel's milk also could be used to cure other diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (Agrawal et al, 2009(Agrawal et al, , 2011Al-Hashem, 2009). It was found that camel's milk reduces the level of blood from fibrinogen in rats with diabetes, indicating the presence of preventive effects of camel's milk in cardiovascular diseases.…”

“…It was found that camel's milk reduces the level of blood from fibrinogen in rats with diabetes, indicating the presence of preventive effects of camel's milk in cardiovascular diseases. In addition to the mentioned ability to prevent complications of diabetes affecting the cardiovascular system (Agrawal et al, 2009(Agrawal et al, , 2011Al-Hashem, 2009;Gader and Alhaider, 2016). Camel's milk is a good source of protein, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin C, and niacin (Zibaee, 2015).…”