Altitude and infant growth in Bolivia: A longitudinal study

Haas, Jere D.; Moreno‐Black, Geraldine; Frongillo, Edward A.; Pabon, A. Javier; Pareja, L. Gerardo; Ybarnegaray, U. Jorge; Hurtado, G. Luis

doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330590304

Cited by 80 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…These analyses demonstrated that high altitude could result in a delay in liner growth of early childhood in Tibet, independent of various social and other factors operating through nutrition and disease. This consequences also confirmed previous findings in other child populations as white nonHispanic children of the United States and children in Bolivia and Ecuador (Haas et al, 1982;Leonard et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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High altitude and early childhood growth retardation: new evidence from Tibet

2007

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Objective: To assess possible effect of high altitude on early childhood growth in Tibet. Method: A cross-sectional survey on child health and nutrition was conducted in Tibet with stratified multistage cluster random sampling technique. Height and weight status of Tibetan children o36 months of age was measured. A questionnaire was administered to mothers of children for information on family background, child feeding practice and health care and maternal care. A total of 1458 children with complete information were used for analysis. A logistic regression model was used to control for selected potential confounding factors and then observed altitude effect on growth of Tibetan children. Results: Positive association of stunting with altitude was observed for each age group, even after controlling for selected potential affecting factors. Children above 3500 m had two to six times risk of getting stunting compared with those at 3000 m when socioeconomic and other factors were controlled. Effect of altitude on underweight was observed only among children o24 months old and significant increase in odds ratio appeared only above 4000 m after controlling for those confounding factors. Indicator of wasting was not related to altitude. Conclusions: Altitude might result in a delay in height of younger Tibetan children, independent of socioeconomic and other factors operating through nutrition and disease, and took adverse effect persistently through birth to 3 years old. Its adverse effect on weight could be limited. For comparison and assessment of nutritional status of Tibetan children, the effect of altitude on growth should be taken into account.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Studies have showed that altitude is associated with reduced birth weight and reduced childhood growth among different population (Pawson, 1977;Beall, 1981;Haas et al, 1982;Yip, 1987;Yip et al, 1988;Leonard et al, 1995;Weitz et al, 2000;Weitz and Garruto, 2004). However, related studies among Tibetan children were limited and yielded highly varied results.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High altitude and early childhood growth retardation: new evidence from Tibet

2007

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“…Analyzing families, ethnicity, living place and altitudes of four Andean countries during -1998, Larrea (2002 found that the rate of growth retardation among children and adolescents was three times less in the best socioeconomic district than that in the worst socioeconomic district. The important contribution of poor socio-economic conditions to growth retardation at high altitude has been noted by studies in other populations (de Meer et al, 1995;Haas et al, 1982;Greksa 1986Greksa , 2006Stinson, 1982;Tripathy et al, 2007;Weitz et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Chest circumference and sitting height among children and adolescents from Lhasa, tibet compared to other high altitude populations

Huang

Chen

et al. 2015

American J Hum Biol

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“…High altitude profoundly reduces birth weight by slowing fetal growth in the third trimester, rather than shortening gestation (37). Therefore it follows that high altitude presents a unique opportunity to identify the maternal genetic factors influencing birth weight and hence has been the subject of numerous studies over the past 30 years in residents of the Tibetan Plateau, the Andean Altiplano, and the North American Rocky Mountains (16,23,24,40,41,66,67). Historical accounts dating to the time of the Spanish conquest of South America chronicle the difficulty experienced by early Spaniards in reproducing at high altitude.…”

Section: B Amentioning

confidence: 99%

MaternalPRKAA1andEDNRAgenotypes are associated with birth weight, andPRKAA1with uterine artery diameter and metabolic homeostasis at high altitude

Bigham

Julian

Wilson

et al. 2014

Physiological Genomics

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Bigham AW, Julian CG, Wilson MJ, Vargas E, Browne VA, Shriver MD, Moore LG. Maternal PRKAA1 and EDNRA genotypes are associated with birth weight, and PRKAA1 with uterine artery diameter and metabolic homeostasis at high altitude. Physiol Genomics 46: 687-697, 2014. First published July 15, 2014; doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00063.2014.-Low birth weight and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) increase the risk of mortality and morbidity during the perinatal period as well as in adulthood. Environmental and genetic factors contribute to IUGR, but the influence of maternal genetic variation on birth weight is largely unknown. We implemented a gene-by-environment study wherein we utilized the growth restrictive effects of high altitude. Multigenerational highaltitude residents (Andeans) are protected from altitude-associated IUGR compared with recent migrants (Europeans). Using a combined cohort of low-and high-altitude European and Andean women, we tested 63 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 16 natural selection-nominated candidate gene regions for associations with infant birth weight. We identified significant SNP associations with birth weight near coding regions for two genes involved in oxygen sensing and vascular control, PRKAA1 and EDNRA, respectively. Next, we identified a significant association for the PRKAA1 SNP with an intermediate phenotype, uterine artery diameter, which has been shown to be related to Andean protection from altitude-associated reductions in fetal growth. To explore potential functional relationships for the effect of maternal SNP genotype on birth weight, we evaluated the relationship between maternal PRKAA1 SNP genotype and gene expression patterns in general and, in particular, of key pathways involved in metabolic homeostasis that have been proposed to play a role in the pathophysiology of IUGR. Our observations suggest that maternal genetic variation within genes that regulate oxygen sensing, metabolic homeostasis, and vascular control influence fetal growth and birth weight outcomes and hence Andean adaptation to high altitude.

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Altitude and infant growth in Bolivia: A longitudinal study

Cited by 80 publications

References 6 publications

High altitude and early childhood growth retardation: new evidence from Tibet

High altitude and early childhood growth retardation: new evidence from Tibet

Chest circumference and sitting height among children and adolescents from Lhasa, tibet compared to other high altitude populations

MaternalPRKAA1andEDNRAgenotypes are associated with birth weight, andPRKAA1with uterine artery diameter and metabolic homeostasis at high altitude

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