Alternative somatic cell count traits to improve mastitis resistance in Canadian Holsteins

Koeck, A.; Miglior, F.; Kelton, D.F.; Schenkel, F.S.

doi:10.3168/jds.2011-4731

Cited by 63 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In the current study, the onset time for mastitis 1 is in agreement with the results of several authors (1,8,10). The high frequency of cows affected by mastitis at the beginning of lactation may be explained by their high susceptibility due to the increased physiological demands after calving, and possibly to the pronounced sensitivity of the udder to infectious agents.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…However, after 10 days of lactation, it was higher in multiparous cows than in heifers. Koeck et al (1) reported that the overall CM frequency -the percentage of cows with at least one case of CM in the period from 10 days prior to 241 days after first calving -was 10.1%. The increase in mastitis incidence with parity may be explained by physical changes in the udder and the permeability of teats' sphincter to pathogen agents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence and occurrence time of clinical mastitis in Holstein cows

Boujenane

Aimani²,

By³

2015

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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Herd management and data recordingData were collected in a commercial dairy farm in northern Morocco. The mean annual temperature is 18.7 °C, varying from 0 °C in February to 41 °C in August. The mean annual rainfall is 600 mm, mainly occurring from November to March.Data on Holstein cows were recorded between July 2008 and December 2012. Average age at calving was 47.6 months, ranging from 23 to 82 months, and average lactation number was 2.31, ranging from 1 to 4. During the study, the mean milk production per cow was 8066 kg per 305-day lactation.All cows were housed in free-stall barns. They were observed for estrus twice daily, in the morning and afternoon. Cows with estrus were inseminated within 1 h of detection. All lactating cows were fed the same diet, which was formulated to meet the nutrient requirements

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and occurrence time of clinical mastitis in Holstein cows

Boujenane

Aimani²,

By³

2015

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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“…Selection against clinical mastitis will likely leave cattle susceptible to infection with other mastitis pathogens, since bacteria require unique immune responses for host protection and mastitis pathogens have been demonstrated to change over time and geographically (2). Further, the heritability of mastitis resistance is low; it was recently demonstrated in Canadian Holsteins to be about 0.02 (40). Breeding for decreased SCS is an alternative, as it is genetically correlated with mastitis and has a higher heritability, of about 0.11 (40,41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, the heritability of mastitis resistance is low; it was recently demonstrated in Canadian Holsteins to be about 0.02 (40). Breeding for decreased SCS is an alternative, as it is genetically correlated with mastitis and has a higher heritability, of about 0.11 (40,41). However, SCS tends to useful for monitoring subclinical cases, and although decreasing bulk tank counts have been associated with a decline in subclinical mastitis, clinical mastitis continues to be a problem in many herds (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence Rates of Clinical Mastitis among Canadian Holsteins Classified as High, Average, or Low Immune Responders

Thompson-Crispi

Miglior

Mallard

2013

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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The objective of this study was to compare the incidence rate of clinical mastitis (IRCM) between cows classified as high, average, or low for antibody-mediated immune responses (AMIR) and cell-mediated immune responses (CMIR). In collaboration with the Canadian Bovine Mastitis Research Network, 458 lactating Holsteins from 41 herds were immunized with a type 1 and a type 2 test antigen to stimulate adaptive immune responses. A delayed-type hypersensitivity test to the type 1 test antigen was used as an indicator of CMIR, and serum antibody of the IgG1 isotype to the type 2 test antigen was used for AMIR determination. By using estimated breeding values for these traits, cows were classified as high, average, or low responders. The IRCM was calculated as the number of cases of mastitis experienced over the total time at risk throughout the 2-year study period. High-AMIR cows had an IRCM of 17.1 cases per 100 cow-years, which was significantly lower than average and low responders, with 27.9 and 30.7 cases per 100 cow-years, respectively. Low-AMIR cows tended to have the most severe mastitis. No differences in the IRCM were noted when cows were classified based on CMIR, likely due to the extracellular nature of mastitis-causing pathogens. The results of this study demonstrate the desirability of breeding dairy cattle for enhanced immune responses to decrease the incidence and severity of mastitis in the Canadian dairy industry.

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“…Rampino et al (2006) evaluated the SCC in uninfected mammary quarters in heifers during the first 24 days after birth, and found a geometric mean of 671 cells mL -1 at birth, decreasing to 47 mL -1 cells after 24 days. According to Koeck et al (2012), the threshold proposed by Canadian Holstein as mastitis indicator are 500,000 cells mL -1 from 5 to10 days of lactation. Schalm et al (1971) attributed the SCC in colostrum to excessive sloughing of epithelial cells in a small volume of milk in a gland that is restarting functional activity after a dormant period.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Losses in milk production and quality due to milk somatic cell count and heat stress of Holsteins cows in temperate climate

et al. 2015

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The aims of present study were to evaluate the effects of milk somatic cell count (SCC) and heat stress on yield and milk composition of cows in a herd for commercial production in a temperate region during the period [2008][2009][2010][2011][2012]. Data from the monthly milk test-day records of 161±9 Holstein, totaling 9,650 milkings, were provided by the Association of Holstein Cattle Breeders of Parana State, and analyzed by descriptive analysis, correlation, analysis of variance, and regression analysis. The average daily milk yield was 31.78 kg/cow, which decreased to 29.31% when the somatic cell score (SCS) was 9, and to 11% when the Equivalent Temperature Index (ETI) was 32 or above. Lactose content decreased from SCS 0 until 9 and fat content decreased from SCS 1 until 9, totaling decrease 7.88 and 9.23%, respectively, when the SCS was 9. An opposite effect was observed for the protein content, which increased by 3.6% at SCS 8, when compared to SCS 0. Losses were observed in the daily total solids production from the SCS 0, totaling 30.64% at SCS 9.The increase in ETI to 32 or above reduced all milk constituents as much as 3.42%, except protein. These results, combined with the losses in milk yield at that ETI level, led to a decrease of up to 12.74% of milk solids. It is concluded that since losses in milk quality and yield resulting from SCC and ETI are significant, actions to prevent infection in the mammary gland and to provide a comfortable environment for dairy cattle are needed even in temperate regions. ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influencia da contagem de células somáticas (CCS) no leite e o estresse térmico sobre a produção e composição do leite de vacas de um rebanho de produção comercial em região de clima temperado, durante o período de 2008 a 2012. Os dados do dia de controle leiteiro de 161±9 vacas Holandesas, totalizando 9650 ordenhas, foram fornecidos pela Associação Paranaense de Criadores de Bovinos da Raça Holandesa e analisados através de estatística descritiva, correlação, análise de variância e regressão. A produção média diária de leite foi de 31,78 kg/vaca, com diminuição de 29,31% quando o escore de contagem de células somáticas (ECS) foi 9 e até 11% quando o Índice de Temperatura Equivalente (ITE) foi 32 ou maior. Os teores de lactose decresceram a partir do ECS 0 até 9 e de gordura a partir de ECS 1 até 9, totalizando diminuição de 7,88 e 9,23%, respectivamente, quando o ECCS foi 9. Um efeito inverso foi observado em relação ao teor de proteína, o qual aumentou 3,6% com ECS 8, comparado com o ECS 0. A produção diária de sólidos totais iniciou perdas a partir do ECS 0 e totalizou perdas de 30,64% quando este foi 9. O aumento do ITE até 32 ou mais diminuiu a concentração de todos os componentes do leite, exceto de proteína, em valores de até 3,42% da concentração. Estes efeitos, somados a diminuição na produção diária de leite com este nível de ITE, totalizaram perdas de até 12,74% na produção de sólidos totais. Conclui-se que as perdas de produção e qua...

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Alternative somatic cell count traits to improve mastitis resistance in Canadian Holsteins

Cited by 63 publications

References 11 publications

Incidence and occurrence time of clinical mastitis in Holstein cows

Incidence and occurrence time of clinical mastitis in Holstein cows

Incidence Rates of Clinical Mastitis among Canadian Holsteins Classified as High, Average, or Low Immune Responders

Losses in milk production and quality due to milk somatic cell count and heat stress of Holsteins cows in temperate climate

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