Altered leukocyte rheology in patients with chronic cerebrovascular disease.

Vermes, I.; Strik, F

doi:10.1161/01.str.19.5.631

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…This was first described in 1968 by Ames et al 2 and currently is gaining much interest because it has been hypothesized that leukocyte activation after reperfusion of infarcted myocardium may lead to an extension of the infarcted area. 6 In agreement with other studies 14 - 15 conducted at different time intervals after cerebral infarction, our findings suggest that leukocyte rheology could be an additional relevant variable of the microcirculation during acute cerebral ischemia. Studies in acute cerebral ischemia using rheologic modifying agents (e.g., pentoxifylline and hemodilution) targeted at the RBC have failed to show beneficial effects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…3 - 4 Recently, it has been suggested that alteration of whole blood filterability in vascular diseases is related more to WBC than to the previously held principle of RBC rigidification. 14 ' 15 Our study was designed to evaluate the rheology of blood cell subpopulations (RBC, PNL, MNL) during the acute phase of ischemic stroke (less than 24 hours) introducing two new conditions: observation during the acute phase of ischemia and study of the individual subpopulations. The filtration method used (a technique derived by Lennie et al 11 ) is able to investigate RBC and WBC subpopulations under similar conditions, while it is impossible to study platelet effects and biohumoral influences (i.e., fibrinogen) because of their loss during the separation procedures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood cell rheology in acute cerebral infarction.

Mercuri

Ciuffetti

Robinson

et al. 1989

Stroke

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Recently it has been hypothesized that leukocyte rheology could be a relevant variable of the microcirculation during cerebral ischemia. However, relatively few studies have been carried out on the rheologic behavior of leukocytes in vascular diseases. This study aimed at quantifying the filterability through Nuclepore filters (mean pore diameter 5 ju.m) of both leukocyte subpopulations and red blood cells in patients with acute stroke compared with age-matched healthy controls. Leukocytes were separated by density into polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells. Filterability of the red blood cells and polymorphonuclear and mononuclear subpopulations in buffer was measured using a constant-flow and low-positive pressure system. We used one-way analysis of variance, signed rank sum, and simple and multiple regression tests for statistical analysis. Twenty consecutive male patients with acute ischemic infarction were compared with 20 age-matched healthy subjects. Mononuclear cell filterability was impaired in acute stroke (

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood cell rheology in acute cerebral infarction.

Mercuri

Ciuffetti

Robinson

et al. 1989

Stroke

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“…Polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes may play an active and significant role in microvascular events (Ernst et aI., 1987;Vernes and Strik, 1988;delZoppo et aI. , 1991;Mori et aI., 1992), parenchy-Surgical preparation had no effect (p � 0.4) on the ability of PMN leukocytes, isolated 24 h after the implantation procedure, to display polarization, 0 2' -production, or r3-g1ucuronidase release when stimulated with human CSa.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While a small number of clinical studies on patients recently ex periencing stroke have indicated associative alter ations in leukocyte rheology, (Ernst et aI. , 1987;Vernes and Strik, 1988;Grau et al, 1992), up regulation of the granulocyte 132-intergrin CD18 (Grau et aI. , 1992), and metabolic activation (Grau et aI., 1992), the practical limitations of those stud ies prevent a truly prospective investigation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Behavior in a Nonhuman Primate Focal Ischemia Model

Ember¹,

Zoppo

Mori

et al. 1994

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Summary: There is increasing interest in the role of poly morphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes in the evolution of fo cal cerebral infarction. Surgical preparation of focal ce rebral ischemia models may alter leukocyte reactivity and thereby make interpretation of leukocyte function follow ing ischemiaireperfusion difficult. The effects of surgical preparation and of experimental ischemiaireperfusion on granulocyte function have been examined prospectively in a baboon model. Twenty-six adolescent male baboons underwent surgical preparation, of which 21 underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion. Four addi tional animals served as nonsurgical controls. Peripheral venous blood specimens were taken for performing as says of leukocyte function at defined intervals before and after both the surgical preparation (i.e., the overall pro cedure for implantation of the middle cerebral artery oc clusion device) and occlusionlreperfusion. A stress related elevation in total leukocyte number was attributed mainly to an increase in the number of circulating PMN leukocytes. Values rose from 13.9 ± 4.9 x 103 to 27.8 ± S.8 x 103/fLl, (±SD; n = 21) for total leukocyte number, withp < 0.001, and from 4.3 ± 2. 1 x 103 to IS.9 ± 4.7 x 103/fLi (n = 21) for PMN leukocytes, with p < 0.001.Polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes may play an active and significant role in microvascular events (Ernst et aI

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“…11 Neutrophil-derived oxygen free radicals 30 -31 and platelet activating factor 29 may also increase vascular permeability. The release of neutrophilderived leukotriene C 4 (LTC 4 ) during ischemic stroke has been verified, and a direct relation between cerebral edema and the level of LTC 4 n has been noted. Although we did not directly measure edema and LTC 4 concentration, it is notable that only the ANAS-treated group did not experience a rise in ICP, which, in the absence of hemorrhage, suggests a reduction in edema formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The role of neutrophils and platelets in a rabbit model of thromboembolic stroke.

Bednar

Raymond

McAuliffe

et al. 1991

Stroke

135

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Cerebral ischemia is accompanied by many of the cardinal features of acute inflammation such as neutrophil and platelet activation and accumulation. We sought to determine whether circulating neutrophils or platelets contribute to brain injury in a rabbit model of thromboembolic stroke that includes a fixed duration of superimposed systemic hypotension. We randomized 18 rabbits to receive either antineutrophil antiscrum (n=6), antiplatclct antiscrum (n=5), or nonimmune serum (n=7). We assessed brain ischemia by measuring cerebral blood flow, intracranial pressure, and infarct size. Following the intracarotid administration of an autologous clot, cerebral blood flow in all groups fell to <5 ml/100 g/min during induced hypotension. After restoration of baseline blood pressure, mean cerebral blood flow in neutropenic animals recovered to 20-30 ml/100 g/min while that in control and thrombocytopenic rabbits remained at <10 ml/100 g/min. Intracranial pressure in control animals rose steadily to a final value of 241% of baseline, while a much smaller increase (148% of baseline) was noted in the thrombocytopenic group; no change from baseline was evident in the neutropenic group. Infarct size was significantly (/? <0.05) reduced in the neutropenic group but not in the thrombocytopenic group. These results suggest that neutrophils may be important contributors to ischemia-induced brain injury whereas the role of platelets is more subtle. (Stroke 1991^22:44-50)

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Altered leukocyte rheology in patients with chronic cerebrovascular disease.

Cited by 19 publications

References 15 publications

Blood cell rheology in acute cerebral infarction.

Blood cell rheology in acute cerebral infarction.

Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Behavior in a Nonhuman Primate Focal Ischemia Model

The role of neutrophils and platelets in a rabbit model of thromboembolic stroke.

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