Altered center of mass control during sit-to-walk in elderly adults with and without history of falling

Chen, Tzurei; Chou, Li-Shan

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.03.007

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Therefore, for a person to have a healthy control of balance (that is, to avoid falls) the determining aspect is keeping the CG under control. Such CG control can be automatic (involuntary) during activities of daily living, including activities such as walking, climbing and descending stairs, bending over or performing transfers sitting and standing, and vice versa; or voluntary, in the face of disturbances such as tripping and slipping [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of accelerometric assessment of balance in children aged 6–12 years

et al. 2020

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Background: Development and evaluation of an accelerometers technique for collecting data for asses balance had reported difficulty due to equilibrium reactions and continuous bursts. The aim of this study is to determine the reliability and internal consistency of accelerometric measurements, related to static equilibrium and gait in children aged 6 to 12 years. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study involved 70 healthy children (50% girls) with a mean age of 9 years old. At the height of the 4th lumbar vertebra and directly on the skin, an accelerometer was placed on each participant. All of them had to complete four trials three times: balancing on one leg with eyes closed and eyes open, dynamic balancing on one leg on a foam mat, and normal gait. Results: Results show that tests performed in older children had higher internal consistency than those performed in younger children (vertical axis r = 0.82, sagittal axis r = 0.77, and perpendicular axis r = 0.74). Tests performed in children aged 8 years or older presented a strong correlation between trials (r > 0.71). The three static equilibrium tests obtained reliability values between 0.76 y 0.84. On the contrary, gait test obtained inferior and poorer results (0.6 < r < 0.71). Conclusions: This method of assessment obtained positive results as an instrument for the quantitative assessment of balance in school-aged children. Values obtained for the three one-leg balance and static tests,were more strongly correlated than the normal gait test for all axes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of accelerometric assessment of balance in children aged 6–12 years

et al. 2020

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“…That is, it is the conception of the body as a system of rigid bodies whose CG is the average of all of the centres of mass of these segments, a definition that follows the line proposed by Hogdes et al [9]. Consequently, CG control is part of the requirements for the maintenance of balance during activities of daily life, which include fundamental daily activities such as walking, going up and down stairs, stooping or performing sit-down and standing transfers, and vice versa [10]. Traditionally, balance has been assessed qualitatively (and, to a greater or lesser degree, subjectively) in the clinical setting and quantitatively in laboratory environments through the use of force platforms and dynamic computerised posturography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Percentiles and Reference Values for the Accelerometric Assessment of Static Balance in Women Aged 50–80 Years

Leirós‐Rodríguez

Romo-Pérez

García-Soidán

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The identification of factors that alter postural stability is fundamental in the design of interventions to maintain independence and mobility. This is especially important for women because of their longer life expectancy and higher incidence of falls compared to men. The objective of this study was to construct the percentile box charts and determine the values of reference for the accelerometric assessment of the static balance in women. For this, an observational and cross-sectional study with a sample composed of 496 women (68.8 ± 10.4 years old) was conducted. The measurement of accelerations used a triaxial accelerometer during three tests: two tests on the ground in monopodal support and a test on a mat with monopodal support for 30 s each. In all of the variables, an increase in the magnitude of the accelerations was detected as the age advanced. The box charts of the percentiles of the tests show the amplitude of the interquartile ranges, which increased as the age advanced. The values obtained can be used to assess changes in static balance due to aging, trauma and orthopaedic and neurodegenerative alterations that may alter postural stability and increase the risk of falling.

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“…This makes the co-contraction of the antagonist muscle an efficient way of transporting moments (49). Compensation by Reorganisation has been observed in the elderly (31,41,51), different velocity conditions in sit-to-stand (52,53), fallers (54) and in OA patients (34,53)…”

Section: Muscular Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Where non-fallers had a dorsiflexor moment at both lift-off and swing-off in STW, fallers had a plantar-flexor moment. These differences could be either related to reduced dorsiflexor strength in adults with a history of falls (81), or due to the ETF strategy applied by fallers to improve stability compared to the MT strategy used by younger adults (54). In STS, fallers showed Compensation by Reorganisation with an increased activation of the gastrocnemius lateralis.…”

Section: Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Ageing on the Standing Up Movement Analysed using the Capacity, Reserve, Movement Objectives, and Compensation (CaReMoOC) Framework

Kruk¹,

Silverman²,

Reilly³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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In healthy ageing, capacity declines in the neural, muscular, and skeletal systems, and each system decline has its effect on the execution of complex motor tasks. This decline in capacity can result in the inability to stand up (sit-to-stand, sit-to-walk), which is a key movement for independence. The mechanisms leading to mobility limitations or inabilities are complex, overlapping, and interdependent and the complementary fields of biomechanics, motor control, and physiology need to be combined to understand these mechanisms. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge of age-related compensation in standing up and to consider the limitations of these results when analysing standing up in daily life using the Capacity, Reserve, Movement Objectives, and Compensation (CaReMoOC) framework that combines biomechanics, motor control, and physiology. A literature search was performed in the search engine Scopus, using the keywords and their synonyms: strateg*(approach, technique, way) AND, sit-to-walk OR sit-to-stand OR rise (raise, arise, stand, stand-up) AND chair (seat). Inclusion criteria were: biomechanics or motor control on sit-to-stand or sit-to-walk in healthy and/or frail adults (<60y) and elderly (>60y), and/or osteoarthritis patients as a specific case of ageing related decline. The review shows that movement compensations in standing up manifest as changes in planned trajectory (Compensation by Selection) and in muscle recruitment (Compensation by Reorganisation). However, as most studies in the literature typically use standardized experimental protocols where movement compensation is restricted, these studies cannot be directly translated to functional tasks, such as the mobility of the elderly in their homes, communities, and clinic. Compensation must be included in future studies in order to facilitate clinical translation. Specifically, future studies in the standing up task should 1) determine the effect of varying arm use strategies (e.g., armrests, knees, chair, cane) on trunk and both lower limb and upper limb joint loading, 2) analyse control strategies in elderly people, 3) determine the biomechanical implications of asymmetry, and 4) incorporate assessments of age-related physical and neural decline as well as changes in psychological priorities.

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Altered center of mass control during sit-to-walk in elderly adults with and without history of falling

Cited by 25 publications

References 25 publications

Reliability of accelerometric assessment of balance in children aged 6–12 years

Reliability of accelerometric assessment of balance in children aged 6–12 years

Percentiles and Reference Values for the Accelerometric Assessment of Static Balance in Women Aged 50–80 Years

The Effect of Ageing on the Standing Up Movement Analysed using the Capacity, Reserve, Movement Objectives, and Compensation (CaReMoOC) Framework

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