Altered cardiovascular autonomic function in young normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents – Is obesity an additional risk factor?

Johncy, Selvaraj Smilee; Karthik, Challakere Subramanya; Bondade, Suresh Y.; Jayalakshmi, M

doi:10.1515/jbcpp-2014-0068

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Figure 1 shows a flowchart of selected studies. Among the 38 studies included in the quantitative analysis, with 2025 participants with ~25 years old, 21 included only men [11,12,[15][16][17][20][21][22][23][24][25]27,[31][32][33][34][35][36], five included only women [18,28,37,38], and 12 both sexes [8][9][10]13,14,19,26,[39][40][41][42]. Of these studies, 37 assessed clinic BP, 18 HRV indices, and five ambulatory BP.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these studies, 37 assessed clinic BP, 18 HRV indices, and five ambulatory BP. Of the HRV studies, 14 included only men [15][16][17]20,[22][23][24][25]27,32,33], four included both sexes [9,14,26], and no HRV study included only women. HRV was measured through ECG [9,17,20,[23][24][25][26]32,33] or heart rate monitor [14][15][16]22,27], with 5-min [17,20,23,24] to 30-min [33] analyses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of family history of hypertension on blood pressure and heart rate variability in young adults: a meta-analysis

Queiroz¹,

Prado²,

Alves-Santos

et al. 2022

Blood Pressure Monitoring

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Purpouse This meta-analysis evaluates the impact of family history of hypertension (FHH+) on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) in young adults. Methods Observational studies that evaluated adults (aged between 18 and 40 years) of both sexes, are without cardiometabolic disease diagnosis, are published in English, and are reporting on the influence of FHH+ (father, mother, or both) on BP and HRV were included. In June 2021, we made a search of the electronic database MEDLINE (accessed by PubMed). Random-effects models were used, and data are reported as standardized mean difference and 95% confidence limits. Results Thirty-eight studies with a total of 2025 individuals were included. Clinic systolic [3.13 mmHg (1.75–4.51)] and diastolic [2.85 mmHg (1.65–4.04)] BPs were higher (P < 0.001) in individuals with an FHH+. Only 24-h systolic BP was higher [1.76 mmHg (0.05–3.47); P = 0.04] in individuals with an FHH+. As for HRV indices in time-domain, RMSSD: −7.00 ms (−10.75 to −3.26), SDNN: −13.93 ms (−23.56 to −4.30), and HF [−6.82 n. u. (−9.76 to −3.89)] were lower (P < 0.05), and LF [4.78 ms (2.52–7.03)] and LF/HF ratio [0.32 (0.14–0.50)] were higher (P < 0.001) in individuals with an FHH+. Conclusion FHH+ negatively impacts BP and HRV in young adults.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of family history of hypertension on blood pressure and heart rate variability in young adults: a meta-analysis

Queiroz¹,

Prado²,

Alves-Santos

et al. 2022

Blood Pressure Monitoring

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Multiple studies have also found an association between obesity and impaired HRV. BMI in itself has been significantly related to HRV in some studies (Molfino et al, 2009; Alrefaie, 2014; Hillebrand et al, 2015; Indumathy et al, 2015; Johncy et al, 2015) but not in others (Antelmi et al, 2004). Some studies suggest a stronger correlation between HRV and other anthropometric indices such as visceral adipose tissue, waist-hip ratio, waist circumference and body fat percentage: arguably markers that better reflect metabolically detrimental adiposity (Lindmark et al, 2005; Kimura et al, 2006; Sztajzel et al, 2009; Poliakova et al, 2012; Windham et al, 2012; Yi et al, 2013; Chintala et al, 2015; Indumathy et al, 2015; Yoo et al, 2016; Rastović et al, 2017; Yadav et al, 2017).…”

Section: Evidence From Studies In Humansmentioning

confidence: 86%

Is the Brain a Key Player in Glucose Regulation and Development of Type 2 Diabetes?

et al. 2019

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Ever since Claude Bernards discovery in the mid 19th-century that a lesion in the floor of the third ventricle in dogs led to altered systemic glucose levels, a role of the CNS in whole-body glucose regulation has been acknowledged. However, this finding was later overshadowed by the isolation of pancreatic hormones in the 20th century. Since then, the understanding of glucose homeostasis and pathology has primarily evolved around peripheral mechanism. Due to scientific advances over these last few decades, however, increasing attention has been given to the possibility of the brain as a key player in glucose regulation and the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. Studies of animals have enabled detailed neuroanatomical mapping of CNS structures involved in glucose regulation and key neuronal circuits and intracellular pathways have been identified. Furthermore, the development of neuroimaging techniques has provided methods to measure changes of activity in specific CNS regions upon diverse metabolic challenges in humans. In this narrative review, we discuss the available evidence on the topic. We conclude that there is much evidence in favor of active CNS involvement in glucose homeostasis but the relative importance of central vs. peripheral mechanisms remains to be elucidated. An increased understanding of this field may lead to new CNS-focusing pharmacologic strategies in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

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“… 35 , 36 Our observations are supported by Johncy et al, who found increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic activity in OW/OB subjects with a family history of hypertension. 37 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effect of energy drinks and overweight/obesity on cardiac autonomic testing using the Valsalva maneuver in university students

Majeed

Yar

Alsunni

et al. 2017

Annals of Saudi Medicine

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BACKGROUNDObesity and caffeine consumption may lead to autonomic disturbances that can result in a wide range of cardiovascular disorders.OBJECTIVESTo determine autonomic disturbances produced by the synergistic effects of overweight or obesity (OW/OB) and energy drinks.DESIGNCross-sectional, analytical.SETTINGPhysiology department at a university in Saudi Arabia.SUBJECTS AND METHODSUniversity students, 18–22 years of age, of normal weight (NW) and OW/OB were recruited by convenience sampling. Autonomic testing by the Valsalva ratio (VR) along with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure were measured at baseline (0 minute) and 60 minutes after energy drink consumption.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)Autonomic disturbance, hemodynamic changes.RESULTSIn 50 (27 males and 23 females) subjects, 21 NW and 29 OW/OB, a significant decrease in VR was observed in OW/OB subjects and in NW and OW/OB females at 60 minutes after energy drink consumption. Values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and mean arterial blood pressure were also significantly higher in OW/OB and in females as compared to NW and males. BMI was negatively correlated with VR and diastolic blood pressure at 60 minutes.CONCLUSIONObesity and energy drinks alter autonomic functions. In some individuals, OW/OB may augment these effects.LIMITATIONSDue to time and resource restraints, only the acute effects of energy drinks were examined.

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Altered cardiovascular autonomic function in young normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents – Is obesity an additional risk factor?

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Influence of family history of hypertension on blood pressure and heart rate variability in young adults: a meta-analysis

Influence of family history of hypertension on blood pressure and heart rate variability in young adults: a meta-analysis

Is the Brain a Key Player in Glucose Regulation and Development of Type 2 Diabetes?

Synergistic effect of energy drinks and overweight/obesity on cardiac autonomic testing using the Valsalva maneuver in university students

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