Altered auditory feedback and the treatment of stuttering: A review

Lincoln, Michelle; Packman, Ann; Onslow, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.jfludis.2006.04.001

Cited by 103 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The term 'altered auditory feedback' (AAF) is used to refer to alterations to recurrent auditory information (Howell, 2004). There is substantial clinical and experimental data showing immediate fluency enhancing effects of AAF for people who stutter (Armson, Kiefte, Mason, & De Croos, 2006;Howell, 2004;Lincoln, Packman, & Onslow, 2006). Although there is a large literature on the role of auditory feedback in speech production (Fairbanks, 1955;Howell & Sackin, 2002;Lee, 1950;Max, Guenther, Gracco, Ghosh, & Wallace, 2004;Postma, 2000;Postma & Kolk, 1992;Venkatagiri, 2005), the mechanism of stuttering reduction with AAF in people who stutter is not completely understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of altered auditory feedback (AAF) on stuttering frequency during monologue speech production

Antipova

Purdy

Blakeley

et al. 2008

Journal of Fluency Disorders

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The present study investigated the immediate effects of eight altered auditory feedback (AAF) parameters on stuttering frequency during monologue speech production on two occasions. One of the modern commercially available portable anti-stuttering devices, "The Pocket Speech Lab" (Casa Futura Technologies ® ) was used in the study to produce the auditory feedback alterations. Six types of combined delayed auditory feedback (DAF) and frequency shifted auditory feedback (FAF) and two types of DAF alone were tested for eight participants aged 16-55 years, with stuttering severity ranging from mild to severe. The present study found that AAF is an effective means to reduce stuttering frequency during monologue speech production. All eight AAF experimental conditions reduced stuttering frequency, however, there was substantial variability in the stuttering reduction effect across experimental conditions and across participants. There was also instability in stuttering reduction across the two testing sessions. On average, a 75 ms time delay on its own and a combination of the 75 ms time delay and a half octave downward frequency shift were found to be more effective than other combinations of AAF parameters that were investigated.Educational objectives: After reading this paper, the reader should be able to (1) summarize the research investigating the effect of altered auditory feedback on stuttering frequency during monologue speech production; (2) describe the stuttering reduction effect of the eight parameters of AAF tested during monologue speech production; and (3) discuss the possible clinical implications of the use of AAF for stuttering treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the use of DAF and FAF leads to reductions in stuttering frequency by 50-90% during reading aloud. The most recent review of these studies was conducted by Lincoln et al (2006). Reading is traditionally viewed as an easier activity for people who stutter than monologue speech production (Bloodstein, 1950;Venkatagiri, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of altered auditory feedback (AAF) on stuttering frequency during monologue speech production

Antipova

Purdy

Blakeley

et al. 2008

Journal of Fluency Disorders

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“…In summary, as concluded by Lincoln et al (2006) in a review of AAF as applied to the treatment of stuttering, "critical knowledge about the effect of AAF during conversational speech and in everyday situations is missing" (p. 71). Further investigations into the clinical and real-world benefits of SpeechEasy using objective and subjective measures are needed.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of SpeechEasy during situations of daily living

O'Donnell

Armson

Kiefte

2008

Journal of Fluency Disorders

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“…The positive effects in the speech of people who stutter in different auditory feedback conditions suggested the possibility of a significant auditory component in the complex manifestation of stuttering 13 . Fluency in people who stutter can be improved by changing the auditory feedback 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparação da leitura de escolares com gagueira em duas condições de escuta: habitual e atrasada

et al. 2016

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Purpose: to compare the immediate effects of delayed auditory feedback in the oral reading task in school-age children with persistent developmental stuttering. Methods: this study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (n° 0714/2013). Participated 16 school-children aged 8-17 years, 11 males and 5 females, divided into two experimental groups (EG1 and EG2) of 8 participants each; the EG1 composed of participants with moderate stuttering and EG2 with severe or very severe stuttering. The procedures used were audiologic evaluation, fluency assessment in spontaneous speech and evaluation of oral reading fluency in two listening situations: with Normal Auditory Feedback -NAF and Delayed -DAF. The Fono Tools software along with Andrea PureAudio USB -AS adapter and headset microphone Karsect HT-2 were used to cause the effect of the DAF and record speech.Results: the effect of delayed auditory feedback led to reduction of stuttering-like disfluencies in both groups, but the frequency of other disfluencies increased in moderate stuttering group and decreased in the group with severe / very severe stuttering and thus, total disfluencies showed a more significant decrease in EG2. There were statistically significant differences for the oral reading only in intergroup comparison for the stuttering-like disfluencies, at usual auditory feedback situation. Conclusions: the delayed auditory feedback did not cause significant effects during the oral reading in both groups, however there is a tendency of the effect be considered positive for the group with severe / very severe stuttering. Keywords: Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences; Speech Disorders; Reading; Stuttering; Feedback RESUMO Objetivo: comparar os efeitos imediatos do atraso na retroalimentação auditiva na tarefa de leitura oral em escolares com gagueira do desenvolvimento persistente. Métodos: estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Instituição (n°0714/2013). Participaram 16 escolares, com idade de 8 a 17 anos, sendo 11 do gênero masculino e 5 do feminino, separados em dois Grupos Experimentais (GE1 e GE2) de 8 participantes cada; o GE1 composto de participantes com gagueira moderada e o GE2 com gagueira grave ou muito grave. Os procedimentos utilizados foram: avaliação audiológica, avaliação da fluência na fala espontânea e avaliação da fluência na leitura oral em duas condições de escuta: com Retroalimentação Auditiva Habitual -RAH e atrasada -RAA. O software Fono Tools junto com o Adaptador Andrea PureAudio USB-AS e microfone auricular Karsect HT-2 foram utilizados para provocar o efeito da RAA e gravar a fala. Resultados: o efeito da retroalimentação auditiva atrasada ocasionou redução das disfluências típicas da gagueira em ambos os grupos, porém a frequência de outras disfluências aumentou no grupo de gagueira moderada e diminuiu no grupo com gagueira grave/muito grave e, desta forma, o total de disfluências apresentou uma diminuição mais significativa no GE2. A diferença foi estatisticamente significante apenas na comparação intergrup...

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Altered auditory feedback and the treatment of stuttering: A review

Cited by 103 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of altered auditory feedback (AAF) on stuttering frequency during monologue speech production

Effects of altered auditory feedback (AAF) on stuttering frequency during monologue speech production

The effectiveness of SpeechEasy during situations of daily living

Comparação da leitura de escolares com gagueira em duas condições de escuta: habitual e atrasada

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