Alterações do solo influenciadas pelo tráfego e carga de um "forwarder" nas entrelinhas de uma floresta de eucalipto

Self Cite

SUMMARYThe impact of wood loads on bulk density and preconsolidation pressure and of harvester and forwarder traffic on rut depth, bulk density and preconsolidation pressure of two Ultisols were examined in this study. Our objective was to quantify the threshold beyond which significant soil compaction and rutting would occur. This study was carried out in the county of Eunápolis, state of Bahia, Brazil, (

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Assessment of the soil compaction of two ultisols caused by logging operations

Dias

Silva²,

Santos³

et al. 2008

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“…Compacted layers are frequently found in soils managed with no-tillage (NT), as a result of the history of heavy machine and implement traffic over the soil (Carter et al, 1999;Silva et al, 2007;Veiga et al, 2007). The natural accommodation of soil particles also favors the formation of compacted layers (Carvalho Jr. et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil water dynamics related to the degree of compaction of two brazilian oxisols under no-tillage

Silva

Reichert

Reinert

et al. 2009

SUMMARYSoil water properties are related to crop growth and environmental aspects and are influenced by the degree of soil compaction. The objective of this study was to determine the water infiltration and hydraulic conductivity of saturated soil under field conditions in terms of the compaction degree of two Oxisols under a no-tillage (NT). Two commercial fields were studied in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: one a Haplortox after 14 years under NT; the other a Hapludox after seven years under NT. Maps (50 x 30 m) of the levels of mechanical penetration resistance (PR) were drawn based on the kriging method, differentiating three compaction degrees (CD): high, intermediate and low. In each CD area, the infiltration rate (initial and steady-state) and cumulative water infiltration were measured using concentric rings, with six replications, and the saturated hydraulic conductivity (K (θ θ θ θ θs) ) was determined using the Guelph permeameter. Statistical evaluation was performed based on a randomized design, using the least significant difference (LSD) test and regression analysis. The steady-state infiltration rate was not influenced by the compaction degree, with mean values of 3 and 0.39 cm h -1 in the Haplortox and the Hapludox, respectively. In the Haplortox, saturated soil hydraulic conductivity was 26.76 cm h -1 at a low CD and 9.18 cm h -1 at a high CD, whereas in the Hapludox, this value was 5.16 cm h -1 and 1.19 cm h -1 for the low and high CD, respectively. The compaction degree did not affect the initial and steady-state water infiltration rate, nor the cumulative water infiltration for either soil type, although the values were higher for the Haplortox than the Hapludox.Index terms: water infiltration, mechanical penetration resistance, kriging, porosity.(

“…Silva et al (2007b) studied a Latossolo Amarelo (Oxisol) with a clay-sandy texture in the state of Minas Gerais, evaluating the effects of eucalyptus harvesting, and observed that the increase in passages of the forwarder damaged the soil structure. They concluded that the effect of the tire pressure applied to the soil reduced the proportion of large aggregates and increased the proportion of small aggregates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the main effects of machinery traffic is the soil compaction process, which causes rearrangement of soil particles . Thus, there are losses to the soil and plants, such as the increase in soil density, penetration resistance, and pore volume of small diameters, and the decrease of total porosity, macropores, gas exchange, infiltration, water percolation, saturated hydraulic conductivity and water availability in the soil for plants (Fernandes and Souza, 2003;Reichert et al, 2003;Silva et al, 2006Silva et al, , 2007bJong van Lier, 2010;Lopes et al, 2011;Reichert et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pine Harvest Impact on Soil Structure of a Dystric Cambisol (Humic)

Costa

Albuquerque

Costa

et al. 2016

Traffic of heavy machinery at harvest and log extraction causes structural degradation of the soil, but studies on the effects of forest harvesting on soils with high organic matter content and exchangeable Al are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of mechanized forest harvesting operations on a Dystric Cambisol (Humic) with high organic matter (more 50 g kg 1 ) content and exchangeable Al (more), reforested with Pinus taeda L. The evaluated harvesting system were the whole-tree, in which the feller-buncher cuts and lays the trees down in bundles; the skidder drags the tree bundles up near a road; and the harvester delimbs and cuts the trees into short logs, stacking them on the roadside to be loaded onto trucks. The areas were evaluated for soil conditions at pre-harvest, prior to harvest, and at post-harvest, consisting of areas of low disturbance, high disturbance, forest residues and log yards. The effects of compaction after forest harvesting are observed by the decrease in total porosity (especially biopores and macropores), soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, and stability of aggregates. After forest harvesting, soil compaction was observed in all evaluated situations, but with different depths depending on operation type and the intensity of traffic carried in each area.