“…of Pinus strobus . 32 This metabolite is also produced by others fungi, as several endophytic fungi isolated from the mangrove plant Avicennia marina 33 and from an endophytic Aspergillus allahabadii BCC45335 34 among others.…”
Anthracnose is a crop disease usually caused by fungi in the genus Colletotrichum or Gloeosporium. These are considered one of the main pathogens, causing significant economic losses, such as in peppers and guarana. The current forms of control include the use of resistant cultivars, sanitary pruning and fungicides. However, even with the use of some methods of controlling these cultures, the crops are not free of anthracnose. Additionally, excessive application of fungicides increases the resistance of pathogens to agrochemicals and cause harm to human health and the environment. In order to find natural antifungal agents against guarana anthracnose, endophytic fungi were isolated from Amazon guarana. The compounds piliformic acid and cytochalasin D were isolated by chromatographic techniques from two Xylaria spp., guided by assays with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The isolated compounds were identified by spectrometric techniques, as NMR and mass spectrometry. This is the first report that piliformic acid and cytochalasin D have antifungal activity against C. gloeosporioides with MIC 2.92 and 2.46 μmol mL−1 respectively. Captan and difenoconazole were included as positive controls (MIC 16.63 and 0.02 μmol mL−1, respectively). Thus, Xylaria species presented a biotechnological potential and production of different active compounds which might be promising against anthracnose disease.
“…of Pinus strobus . 32 This metabolite is also produced by others fungi, as several endophytic fungi isolated from the mangrove plant Avicennia marina 33 and from an endophytic Aspergillus allahabadii BCC45335 34 among others.…”
Anthracnose is a crop disease usually caused by fungi in the genus Colletotrichum or Gloeosporium. These are considered one of the main pathogens, causing significant economic losses, such as in peppers and guarana. The current forms of control include the use of resistant cultivars, sanitary pruning and fungicides. However, even with the use of some methods of controlling these cultures, the crops are not free of anthracnose. Additionally, excessive application of fungicides increases the resistance of pathogens to agrochemicals and cause harm to human health and the environment. In order to find natural antifungal agents against guarana anthracnose, endophytic fungi were isolated from Amazon guarana. The compounds piliformic acid and cytochalasin D were isolated by chromatographic techniques from two Xylaria spp., guided by assays with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The isolated compounds were identified by spectrometric techniques, as NMR and mass spectrometry. This is the first report that piliformic acid and cytochalasin D have antifungal activity against C. gloeosporioides with MIC 2.92 and 2.46 μmol mL−1 respectively. Captan and difenoconazole were included as positive controls (MIC 16.63 and 0.02 μmol mL−1, respectively). Thus, Xylaria species presented a biotechnological potential and production of different active compounds which might be promising against anthracnose disease.
“…Terrei members have also been known for their potential in producing secondary metabolites, such as A. terreus that produced ''Terrein'' (Goutam et al 2017), antimicrobial methyl 3,4,5-trimethoxy-2-(2-(nicotinamido) benzamido) benzoate (Wang et al 2011), and another antimicrobial compound against several fish pathogens (Edwardsiella tarda, Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio ordalii, and V. anguillarum) (Barakat & Gohar 2012), A. alabamensis that produced two diketomorpholine derivatives and a highly conjugated ergostane-type steroid that exhibited inhibitions against human pathogens (E. coli and M. luteus) and aquatic bacteria (E. ictaluri and V. alginolyticus) (Yang et al 2018) , A. allahabadii that produced antibacterial allahabadolactone B (2) and ( 22E)-5α,8αepidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol against B. cereus (Sadorn et al 2016), and pyrone derivatives: 3-hydroxy 2-methyl 4-pyrone and 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyrone that showed potent antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and mosquito larvicidal activities (Rajamanikyam et al 2017), A. carneus produced a potential antimicrobial compounds prenylated indole alkaloids, carneamides A-C (1-3), quinazolinone derivatives, carnequinazolines A-C (5-7), aryl C-glycosides, carnemycin A, B (8, 9), and a drimane sesquiterpenoid (Zhuravleva et al 2012), A. niveus that produced a high antitumor, but weak antibacterial Aspochalamins A-D (Gebhardt et al 2004), A. microcysticus that produced a well-known antimicrobial compound, Asposterol (Heberle et al 1974).…”
Endophytic fungi have been known to play a role in protecting their host plants against diseases and extreme environments. The purpose of this study was to determine the antagonistic activity of three Aspergillus isolates against F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), and to identify the Aspergillus identity using multilocus phylogeny analysis. Antagonistic assay by dual culture method showed that the Aspergillus sp. strain PD2, strain PD4, and strain PD5 inhibited the growth of Foc isolate by 37.31%, 26.52%, and 12.04%, respectively. Multilocus phylogeny based on ITS rDNA, beta-tubulin, and calmodulin genes sequences showed that the Aspergillus strain PD2 and strain PD4 belong to A. section Terrei, while the Aspergillus sp. strain PD5 was identified as A. sydowii of the A. sect. Versicolores.
“…The bioactive peptides are either cyclic or linear peptides containing atypical amino acids. They inhibit viral infection through different mechanisms: (i) inhibition of virus attachment and entry; (ii) inhibition of virus penetration; (iii) inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis; (iv) inhibition of protein synthesis; (v) inhibition of virus release (Sadorn et al, 2016). Among the marine antiviral agents, the following agents were reported; Asperterrestide A, EcDefensin, and Aspergillipeptide.…”
Section: Antiviral Marine Peptidementioning
confidence: 99%
“…residue, was isolated from the fungus Aspergillus terreus SCSG AF0162 . It showed an inhibitory effect against the influenza strain A/WSN/33 H1N1 (an M2-resistant strain) and strain A/Hong Kong/8/68 H3N2 (an M2-sensitive strain) with IC 50 values of 15 and 8.1 µM, respectively (He et al, 2013, Kang et al, 2015, Moghadamtousi et al, 2015, Sadorn et al, 2016, Abdelmohsen et al, 2017). Fig.…”
Antimicrobial peptides are group of proteins showing broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity that have been known to be powerful agents against a variety of pathogens. This class of compounds contributed to solving the microbial resistance dilemma that limited the use of many potent antimicrobial agents. The marine environment is known to be one of the richest sources for antimicrobial peptides, yet this environment is not fully explored. Hence, the scientific research attention should be directed toward the marine ecosystem as enormous amount of useful discoveries could be brought to the forefront. In the current article, the marine antimicrobial peptides reported from mid 2012 to 2017 have been reviewed.
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