All-printed full-color pixel organic photodiode array with a single active layer

Efficiency and spectral performance of narrowband organic and perovskite photodetectors: a cross-sectional review

“…Among small-molecule semiconductors, fullerenes have been central to the development of organic narrowband photodetectors, in view of their long-standing role as acceptor moieties par excellence. Their outstanding electron-accepting properties in BHJs and PHJs (in combination with polymeric and smallmolecule donors alike) have led to their widespread use in all types of narrowband photodetector configurations [19,30,31,[80][81][82][83][84][85]. However, their broad absorption tail through the visible has been problematic in some configurations (see section 6.3), and this has recently prompted the development of alternative small-molecule acceptors with narrowband absorption [11,[57][58][59][60][61] or with diverse onsets [42,[86][87][88].…”

“…Within this approach to narrowband photodetection, it is particularly noteworthy that organic and perovskite semiconductors can be used not only as photoactive materials, but also as filter materials. This is enabled by the facile tunability of their absorption properties [83,113]. A particular implementation of this strategy involves using a filter made of a broadband photodetector with absorption (and responsivity) onset at a shorter wavelength than that of the photodetector at hand (input optical filtering with stacking) [113].…”

“…Additionally, thick mono/poly-crystalline perovskite layers are expected to inhibit the realisation of flexible photodetectors (due to mechanical failure), which are sought after for a number of emerging applications. In contrast, the mechanical flexibility of organic narrowband photodetectors has been demonstrated in a few studies [23,83,131]. Therefore, at the state of the art, organic narrowband photodetectors possess an important edge in terms of potential to deliver attractive performance figures for high-resolution imaging and/or applications requiring mechanical flexibility.…”

“…A full assessment of the photoconversion efficiency of input-filtered organic photodetectors is generally not possible, as works that have pursued this strategy typically provide only the EQE of the underlying broadband photodetector [80][81][82]133]. The only confirmed figures-in the 20%-40% range-are from the work of Deckman et al [83]. Drawing from conventional (e.g., silicon-based) input-filtered technologies, a transmittance <100% of the filter materials within the target spectral range (a key loss mechanism of this approach) is likely to pose an important limitation on the EQE of the resulting photodetectors.…”

Color‐Selective Printed Organic Photodiodes for Filterless Multichannel Visible Light Communication

“…[14] As such, these devices have relied on device engineering approaches to limit their spectral responsivity range. Recently, solution-processed wavelength selective OPDs have been realized by means of: i) optical filtering, [5,22] ii) charge collection narrowing, [23][24][25] and iii) cavity enhanced absorption. [26][27][28] All of these techniques have demonstrated wavelength selective responsivity and enabled successful application in color reconstruction or IR-spectroscopy.…”