1995
DOI: 10.1016/1381-1169(95)00039-9
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Alkylguanidines as catalysts for the transesterification of rapeseed oil

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Cited by 121 publications
(76 citation statements)
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“…The anchored bases can react with electrophilic functional groups which are further away on the polymer chain, producing inactive hexasubstituted guanidinium compounds 64 , as shown in Scheme 14. However, it is possible to deprotonate these hexasubstituted guanidinium compounds, which should give doubly anchored active guanidines whose leaching is less probable.…”
Section: Heterogeneously Catalyzed Processesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The anchored bases can react with electrophilic functional groups which are further away on the polymer chain, producing inactive hexasubstituted guanidinium compounds 64 , as shown in Scheme 14. However, it is possible to deprotonate these hexasubstituted guanidinium compounds, which should give doubly anchored active guanidines whose leaching is less probable.…”
Section: Heterogeneously Catalyzed Processesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a third series of studies, the catalytic activity of several alkylguanidines was compared 64 . TBD was always the most active, however, 1,3-dicyclohexyl-2-n-octylguanidine (DCOG), 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethylguanidine (PMG), 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (MTBD) and 1,2,3-tricyclohexylguanidine (TCG), also showed a good catalytic performance 64 .…”
Section: Non-ionic Base-catalyzed Processesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Estudos efetuados em condições reacionais similares mostraram que a atividade da TBD foi similar à observada para hidróxido de sódio e superior à verificada para carbonato de sódio, sendo que a reação assistida pela base orgânica apresentou excelente separação dos produtos no final, não ocorrendo formação de emulsões comuns em reações na presença da base mineral 31 . Deve-se destacar que uma série de guanidinas substituídas foi estudada em condições reacionais similares, sendo observado que a atividade está diretamente relacionada com a basicidade da espécie, que depende de fatores estruturais e dos substituintes, sendo a TBD a mais ativa 47 . Os excelentes resultados apresentados pelas bases orgânicas incentivaram estudos no sentido de heterogeneizá-las em suportes poliméricos, tais como celulose microcristalina 31 50 .…”
Section: Transesterificação De Triglicerídeosunclassified
“…Triazabicylodecene (TBD), as a nitrogencontaining catalyst, is a non-ionic organic base catalyst and has higher catalytic activity than other nitrogen based catalysts in the transesterification reaction [38,40]. Moreover, unrefined acidic oil (free fatty acid; FFA) can be used in the presence of TBD since the complex of TBD and FFA is soluble in the reaction solution, and thus there is no formation of soap or emulsions [44]. However, these processes generate alkaline waste water in their production plant [45].…”
Section: Chemical Process For Dmc-based Biodiesel Productionmentioning
confidence: 99%